Nakuba ukumba uwoyela kuqhubeka sengathi ayikho enye imithombo yamandla ekhona, okungase kuholele ekukhiqizeni ngokweqile okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, kulo nyaka kubonakale ukuvela kwezinkampani eziyisikhombisa ngaphakathi komkhakha we-photovoltaic waseShayina osekuyinselelo enkulu ezinhlanganweni zikawoyela. Lezi zinkampani zizuze lokhu ngokuthengisa ama-solar panel ngokulahlekelwa ukuze zibambe isabelo semakethe, okwenza umphakathi womhlaba wonke uncike kubuchwepheshe bawo.
Ngenxa yalokho, imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ithola ukuvelela. Umbiko wakamuva ukhombisa ukuthi amandla avuselelekayo adlule amafutha emvelo, okwamanje imele u-30% kagesi ohlinzekwa e-European Union.
Amandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni
Imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo yenza kancane kancane ubukhona bayo buzwakale kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi beqembu le-Ember, Lesi sigameko esibalulekile safinyelelwa engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2024. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ukuphehlwa kukagesi kusuka kumandla elanga nawomoya kudlule lawo akhiqizwa kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ngaphakathi kwe-European Union. Ikakhulukazi, le mithombo evuselelekayo yakha u-30% wesamba sikagesi esiphakelwe kwiNyunyana.
Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa ukuthi amazwe angamalungu ayi-13 njengamanje akhiqiza inani elikhulu likagesi kule mithombo emibili, nokuthi iJalimane, iBelgium, iHungary kanye neNetherlands ifinyelele lesi sigameko sokuqala ngqa. ESpain, izibalo ziyethusa: phakathi nenyanga kaMeyi, Amandla elanga nomoya amele u-50% wokuphehlwa kukagesi. Leli qiniso elingakaze libonwe lihambisana nePoland, nayo efinyelele emazingeni okurekhoda.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga nawomoya kubone ukukhuphuka okuphawulekayo phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule, okubonisa cishe umzila okhuphukayo ongayeki, kuyilapho amandla atholakala kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi afinyelela inani elisha eliphakeme ngo-2017 ngaphambi kokwehla okumangalisayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo
Phakathi nengxenye yokuqala yonyaka, Amafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi abalelwa ku-27% wokuphehlwa kukagesi ngaphakathi kwe-EU, okubonisa ukwehla ngo-17% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sangaphambilini. Abahlaziyi bakhombisa ukuthi lokhu kwehliswa kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kwenzeka naphezu kwesidingo esikhulu samandla esitholwe ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-COVID-19 kanye nenkinga yentengo yegesi eminyakeni yamuva. Kuphinde kwaba nokululama kulesi sikhathi, nakuba igrafu ikhombisa ukuma emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo.
Phakathi kwengxenye yokuqala ka-2023 kanye nengxenye yokuqala ka-2024, amalahle ehle ngo-24%, kuyilapho igesi yehla ngo-14%. NgokukaChris Rosslowe, umhlaziyi wakwa-Ember, “sibona ushintsho oluyingqophamlando emkhakheni wezamandla, futhi luyenzeka ngokushesha.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubonisa ukuthi “ngokukhuphuka kwamandla omoya namandla elanga, indima yamandla asekelwe kuphethiloli iyehla. Lesi simo sikhombisa uguquko oluhlala isikhathi eside, kodwa luye lwabonakala ngokuqhubekayo kulandela izenzo ezingakaze zibonwe ngaphambili, njenge umthamo ofakiwe wamaphaneli e-photovoltaic ngo-2023 kanye nezinyanga zokuqala zika-2024.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu shintsho luyingxenye yesu lokusebenzisana elihloselwe hhayi kuphela ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ngokunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, kodwa futhi nokubhekana nemizamo Yamazwe Angamalungu amaningi yokunciphisa ukuthembela kwawo ekuthengisweni kwegesi, ikakhulukazi ekukhanyeni kwengxabano eqhubekayo e-Ukraine. neRussia.
Ngenkathi sisalinde imininingwane ephelele ngo-2024, kusazobonakala ukuthi ukubusa kwamandla avuselelekayo kuzoqiniswa yini. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lo mkhuba awugcini nje eYurophu. I-United States iyisibonelo salokhu kuguqulwa kwamandla, neCalifornia ebhekene nokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga amaningi kanye neTexas, ngokomlando encike kuwoyela, manje yenza ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile ekufakweni kwe-photovoltaic. I-China idlala indima ebalulekile kulokhu kuguquguquka kwamandla, ngamazinga aphezulu okukhiqiza kangangokuthi ibhekene nezinselele ekulawuleni imfucuza ekhiqizwa ubuchwepheshe belanga kanye nomoya womoya.
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla
Lolu shintsho lumele impumelelo ebalulekile ekushintsheni kwamandla esifundeni. Ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli we-fossil kuhambisana nokusimama okuncane kwesidingo sikagesi, okukhuphuke ngo-0,7% kulandela umqedazwe we-COVID-19 kanye nenkinga yentengo yegesi. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, ikakhulukazi umoya nelanga, akugcini nje ngokuqeda lokhu kwanda kwesidingo kodwa futhi kwedlule kakhulu imithombo yamandla evamile.
Kubonakale ukwehla okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwamalahle, okuphawulwe ngokwehla ngo-24%, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo kwehle ngo-14%. Lokhu okutholakele kugqamisa uguquko oluyisisekelo, njengoba izinqubomgomo zamandla zaseYurophu ziya ngokuya zivumela ukuncika kokuncika kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwemithombo yamandla ahlanzekile.
Umbiko ugcizelela ukuthi ukwanda kokuphehlwa kukagesi ovela emithonjeni yomoya kanye nelanga akuyona nje into eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Nakuba izimo zezulu ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi okwandayo kube neqhaza, umgomo omkhulu kwaba ukunwetshwa komthamo wamandla avuselelekayo afakiwe.
ISpain izihlukanise njengelinye lamazwe ahamba phambili ekusetshenzisweni kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. NgoMeyi 2024, Ugesi wezwe ongaphezu kwama-50% ukhiqizwa ngamandla omoya kanye nelanga, okuyingqophamlando efakazela ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezinqubomgomo zayo zamandla.
Lolu shintsho olubalulekile luhlanganisa indima yeNhlangano YaseYurophu njengomholi womhlaba ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, okubonisa ukuthi uguquko oluya ohlelweni olusekelwe kumandla avuselelekayo alunakwenzeka nje kuphela kodwa futhi lunenzuzo kwezomnotho futhi luyasebenza.
Kunezixazululo zesofthiwe eziklanyelwe ukusiza izinkampani zilandelele izinhloso zazo zokususa i-carbon, zithuthukise amasu azo okuhlukanisa amandla, zihlole ukusebenza kwazo okuqinile, zinciphise umthelela wazo kwezemvelo, futhi zilawule ngempumelelo ubungozi bokusebenza nezokuphepha.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nendlela amandla avuselelekayo adlula ngayo izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi eYurophu.