Esimweni sokungaqiniseki kokulawula kanye nokuguquguquka kwentengoUmkhakha we-biodiesel eLatin America nakwezinye izifunda ubhekene nezinguquko ezijulile ezithinta abakhiqizi kanye nezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe. Izinguquko zomthetho, izimpikiswano mayelana nezibonelelo nezintela, kanye nengcindezi yokuncintisana evela kumafutha emifino asetshenziswa njenge-feedstock kubeka i-biofuel enkabeni ye-ajenda yezepolitiki nezomnotho.
Izinqumo zezepolitiki zakamuva, ezihambisana nokuvela kwemakethe kawoyela yomhlaba wonke, zibeka ikusasa le-biodiesel njengenhlangano enye indlela esimeme kune-fossil dieselIzindlela ezehlukene ezithathwe ohulumeni nabamele imboni zidala inkulumompikiswano eshubile mayelana nezinzuzo, izinselele, kanye nomthelela wezinyathelo ezintsha.
Izinguquko kuxhaso nemithelela yentela e-Colombia
Isicelo sakamuva sikaMongameli waseColombia uGustavo Petro sokuthi ukuhoxisa uxhaso lwe-biodiesel ne-ethanol kuqubule inkulumompikiswano eshubile ezweni laseNingizimu Melika. Lesi sinqumo, esiyingxenye yesu likazwelonke nelesifunda, sihlose ukudambisa umthwalo wezezimali wezibonelelo futhi silethe amanani kaphethiloli ahambisane namazinga omhlaba. Ngokusho kukamengameli uqobo, ukuqedwa kuhloswe ukulungisa lokho akubona njengokusetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele kwezimali zomphakathi kanye nokulungisa isimo sezimali zombuso.
Ochwepheshe bomkhakha we-Biofuel Baxwayisa ngokuthi ukuqedwa kwezinzuzo zentela nokukhululwa kungase kube nomthelela omubi emananini wokugcina kaphethiloli, ikakhulukazi uma izingxube eziyisibopho nama-biofuels zigcinwa. Okukhathaza kakhulu ukuthi ukuqeda lezi zinzuzo kuzonyusa izindleko kubathengi futhi kubeke engcupheni ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-biodiesel e-Colombia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhakha uveza lokho njengamanje ukukhululwa enteleni Iphesenti lama-biofuels ekuxubeni livumela ukuncintisana okuthile nokusimama kwemboni.
I-National Federation of Biofuels ibike izibalo ezizinzile ku ukumaketha kwe-biodiesel ngo-2025, ukuthengiswa kwanyanga zonke kuguquguquka phakathi kwamathani angama-55.000 kanye nama-62.000. Lokhu kujwayelekile kugqamisa isisindo somkhakha emakethe kaphethiloli kanye nokubaluleka kwanoma yisiphi isinqumo esithinta intela yayo.
Amanani kanye nesimo somkhakha wama-SME e-Argentina
E-Argentina, i- intengo ye-biodiesel Lokhu sekudale ukungqubuzana phakathi komkhakha wezimboni kanye noMnyango Wezamandla. Ukugxekwa okuyinhloko okuvela kubakhiqizi, ikakhulukazi ama-SME, kugxile ekubekweni kwamanani angaphansi kwezindleko zokukhiqiza izinyanga ezimbalwa ezilandelanayo, okwephula izindlela zokubala ezisungulwe uMthetho 27.640 ku-Biofuels kanye neSinqumo 963/2023.
Ngokusho kwezinhlangano zebhizinisi, ifomula yokunquma intengo ye-biodiesel ihlanganisa izinto ezifana izindleko zikawoyela wesoya (80%), i-methanol, izindleko zabasebenzi namandla, kanye nenzuzo yenzuzo engu-3%. Kodwa-ke, bathi uhulumeni uye wayishaya indiva le ndlela futhi wabeka intela ngokubona kwawo. Ukungafani kwentengo kusho ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kubakhiqizi, okuye kwadingeka bakhuthazelele igebe elinqwabelene abalilinganisela cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-68 esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka.
Isimo sesibe sibi kakhulu njengoba sekucacile ukuthi, nakuba amanani entengo kadizili kubathengi anyuke kakhulu, amanani e-biodiesel awakaze akhuphuke, okubhebhethekisa ukuphathwa kokungalingani uma kuqhathaniswa nezimbiwa phansi. Ama-SME axwayisa ngokuthi lesi simo sibeka engcupheni ukusebenza kahle kwemboni kanye nokuvulwa kwamathuba emisebenzi, kanye nenqubekelaphambili eseyenziwe ekunciphiseni ukungcola okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo kwe-biodiesel ekuxubeni kukaphethiloli.
Imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe: amafutha emifino kanye nezimali ze-biodiesel
El intengo yamazwe ngamazwe yamafutha esundu kanye nobhontshisi wesoya, impahla eluhlaza ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni i-biodiesel, iyaqhubeka nokubeka ijubane lomkhakha. Ukukhuphuka kwakamuva ezimakethe zamasheya zase-Asia nase-US kube nomthelela womabili amaphethelo abakhiqizi kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwezinhlelo zikazwelonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asian naseLatin America.
I-Indonesia, omunye wabadlali abakhulu emakethe ye-biodiesel, yabile Izigidi zemali engenayo yentela kawoyela wesundu ekuxhaseni ngezimali igunya layo kazwelonke le-biodiesel, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuqhubeka kohlelo nokuvikelwa ekuguquguqukeni kwentengo yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuhlobana phakathi kwentengo yamafutha adliwayo naleyo ye-biodiesel kuyabonakala: Ikhotheshini ezimakethe zereferensi Amazwe anjengeDalian, Chicago, neMalaysia anethonya ekwenzeni inzuzo yama-biofuels. Imisebenzi yokuthekelisa kanye nezinguquko kunqubomgomo yentela nazo zinomthelela ekhonweni lamazwe akhiqizayo ukugcina isu lawo le-biodiesel.
Izivumelwano kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe amabili mayelana ne-biodiesel
El intshisekelo yokuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi ahlanganyelwe Ukwandisa ukubambisana kwezomnotho mayelana ne-biodiesel kube yisihloko esiyinhloko sezingxoxo zakamuva phakathi kwabaholi baseBrazil naseMexico. Womabili la mazwe agcizelele isidingo sokujulisa ubudlelwano bawo emikhakheni yamasu, okuhlanganisa ezolimo kanye ne-biofuels efana ne-biodiesel, ukuqinisa ukuhlanganiswa kwesifunda kanye nokubhekana nengcindezi evela kubadlali bangaphandle kwesifunda.
Lezi zinhlelo zamazwe amabili azifuni nje ukwandisa izimakethe nokwenza lula uhwebo, kodwa futhi ukwabelana ngolwazi mayelana nokulawula, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, kanye nokujwayela imboni ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo ezintsha zemvelo.
Ukuvela komkhakha I-Biodiesel imakwe ngokucacile ngokusebenzisana phakathi kwemithethonqubo, amanani wempahla eluhlaza kanye nemifelandawonye yamazwe ngamazwe. Izinyathelo ezithathwe ohulumeni nabadlali bezimakethe zizoba nemiphumela eqondile ku Ukuncintisana, ukusimama kanye nendima ye-biodiesel ekushintsheni kumandla ahlanzekileUkufuna ibhalansi phakathi kwenzuzo nokusimama kuzoba yisinqumo esibalulekile ngekusasa lomkhakha.
