Umgomo womhlaba wonke wama-biofuels iyaqhubeka nokuqina njengenye indlela yokubhekana nokushintshwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Isinyathelo sakamuva kuleli bhodi senziwe yiBrazil, ethatha isinyathelo esibalulekile ngokunyusa iphesenti eliyisibopho le i-ethanol kuphethiloli kanye ne-biodiesel kudizili, ukuvumelanisa lesi sinqumo nazo zombili izimo zenani lamandla omhlaba kanye nezibopho zaso zemvelo.
Lesi sinyathelo siphinde siphendule isidingo sokukhombisa inqubekelaphambili ebambekayo ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu Ingqungquthela ezayo ye-UN Climate Change (COP30), okugujwa kwayo edolobheni lase-Amazonian i-Belém kuzobeka i-Brazil endaweni eyisizinda senkulumo-mpikiswano yomhlaba wonke mayelana nokusimama nokushintsha kwamandla.
I-Brazil iqinisa ubuholi bayo ku-bioenergy ngokwanda kwe-E30 ne-B15
Kusukela ngo-August 2025, uphethiloli e-Brazil kuzodingeka uqukathe u-30% we-ethanol (E30), kuyilapho udizili uzoba no-15% we-biodiesel (B15).Lolu shintsho, oluvunywe UMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wenqubomgomo Yamandla, alufuni nje ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya, kodwa futhi nokunciphisa ingcindezi emananini kanye nokuqinisekisa izinga elikhulu lokuzimela kwamandla kagesi.
UMongameli uLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva ugcizelele ukuthi le ntuthuko izokhombisa amandla ezwe okukhula komnotho ngaphandle kokuqhubeka nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ngenxa yentuthuko entsha yezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Uhulumeni unethemba lokuthi lezi zinhlobo ezintsha zizoqukatha amanani kaphethiloli ngokwengxenye., ezibone ukwanda ngenxa yezingxabano zamazwe ngamazwe.
UMnyango Wezimayini Nezamandla ugcizelela ukuzibophezela okuqinile ekwandiseni ingxenye yama-biofuels kunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi ikhawulela isidingo sokungenisa uphethiloli, osebenza njengesivikelo ekungazinzini kwezimakethe zomhlaba.
IBrazil, engenye yabakhiqizi abakhulu be-ethanol emhlabeni, ngokwesiko isekelwe embonini yayo kumoba, nakuba ukusetshenziswa kommbila njengento yokudla kuye kwanda kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Lesi simemezelo siqinisa isikhundla seBrazil njengesilinganiso samazwe ngamazwe ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni ngobuningi bama-biofuels awuketshezi.
Ithrendi eyeqa imingcele: I-Paraguay ne-India zisheshisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ethanol
Imodeli yaseBrazil akuyena kuphela umlingiswa oyinhloko ekuthuthukisweni kwama-biofuelsKulo nyaka, iParaguay ibe izwe lokuqala laseLatin America ukwamukela ngokusemthethweni i-E30, sibonga futhi embonini echumayo ye-bioenergy esekelwa izitshalo ezifana komoba nomdumbula.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-India yamangala ngokusheshisa ukuqaliswa kwe E20 (i-ethanol engu-20% kuphethiloli) kuzo zonke iziteshi zayo zesevisi ngo-2025, ngaphambi kwesimiso sayo sokuqala kanye nokubonisa ukuzimisela kwayo ukuguqula umkhakha wezokuthutha. Izwe selivele lizibekela umgomo walo olandelayo wokuwufeza E30 ngaphambi kokuphela kweshumi leminyaka, ngokulandela eduze isibonelo saseLatin America nokuhlanganisa uguquko lwesikali somhlaba wonke.
Ukuqamba okusha eYurophu: Izivumelwano zochungechunge lokuhlinzeka oluyisiyingi noluzinzile
Indawo yase-Europe ye-biofuels nayo ikhombisa izimpawu zenguquko, nezinkampani zamandla eziqinisa imizamo yazo yokuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa okuzinzile nokusimeme kwezinto zokusetshenziswa. Isibonelo salelisu isivumelwano sakamuva phakathi Iminyaka engu-15 phakathi kweTotalEnergies neQutra, lapho ukuqoqwa nokugaywa kabusha kwe amafutha okupheka asetshenzisiwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezahlukene ze-Europe ukuze kuguqulwe abe yi-biofuels, okuhlanganisa i-biodiesel kanye ne-sustainable aviation fuel (SAF).
Amandla okucubungula afakiwe ayakhula kanye nokushintshwa kwezindawo zokuhluza ezingokwesiko zibe yizindawo zokucolisa amafutha ezilwane, njengoba kufakazelwa imboni yaseLa Mède eFrance, ngokukhiqizwa konyaka okungafika kumathani angu-500.000 e-biofuel. Ngokufanayo, i-Grandpuits industrial complex ilungiselela ukukhiqiza amathani angu-230.000 e-SAF minyaka yonke, ehlangabezana nesidingo samafutha angangcolisi kangako embonini yezindiza.
Izinzuzo, izinselele, namathemba e-biofuels ekushintsheni kwamandla
Ukwenyuka kwesabelo sama-biofuels kumafutha ajwayelekile kuyaveza izinzuzo zemvelo, ezomnotho nezenhlaloNgakolunye uhlangothi, kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi engcolisayo; ngakolunye, kunciphisa isidingo sokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe futhi kukhuphule imikhakha yezolimo nesemaphandleni exhumene nokukhiqizwa kwe-biomass, ukukhiqiza imisebenzi kanye nenani elengeziwe lendawo.
Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-biofuels nakho kuyaphakamisa izinselele ezibalulekile, njengesidingo sokuhlanganisa imithetho ezinzile, ukuthuthukisa izinxephezelo zentela, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwanda kwezitshalo zamandla akungqubuzani nokuvikeleka kokudla noma ukuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Enye inzuzo efanele ukuthi Ama-biofuel angamanzi, afana ne-ethanol ne-biodiesel, angasetshenziswa kwingqalasizinda ekhona. nasezimotweni zamanje, okusiza ukuthunyelwa kwazo ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi emazweni lapho ukufakwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha kubangela izinselele ezinkulu zezokuthutha noma zezomnotho.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwase-Brazil, Paraguay, kanye ne-India kubonisa ukuthi izinqubomgomo ezisimeme zomphakathi, ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe, nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezinkampani zikahulumeni nezizimele kuyizithako ezibalulekile zokusheshisa inguquko ebheke ekuhambeni nomnotho okuhlanzekile nokusimeme.
I-global energy landscape ibhekene nesikhashana ukumisa kabusha okusheshisiweUkuqiniswa kwama-biofuels e-Brazil kanye nokuzibophezela okuwujuqu kwamazwe afana neParaguay ne-India kusimema ukuthi sicabange ngekusasa lapho lezi zibaseli zidlala indima eholayo ekwehliseni ukungcola kanye nokuzuza ukuzimela kwamandla. Ngaso leso sikhathi, imboni yaseYurophu yenza inqubekelaphambili ezivumelwaneni nasezivumelwaneni eziqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisimeme kanye nokukhiqizwa ngezinga elikhulu kwamanye amafutha. Inselele manje ukuhlanganisa le ntuthuko, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo isikhathi eside, kanye nokuqwashisa ngamakhono azo emphakathini nasezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe.
