I-hydrogen eluhlaza ingene ohlelweni lwamandla aseYurophu njengenye yezindlela ezihloselwe ukuguqula imboni kanye nezokuthutha ezisindayo, kodwa ukuthunyelwa kwayo kwangempela kuqhubeka kancane kakhulu kunezibikezelo zokuqala. Amaphrojekthi ayizigidi zamaRandi, izidingo zomthetho, kanye nokungabaza ngokusebenza kwawo kwezomnothoISpain, kanye neGalicia ikakhulukazi, isibe yinkomba enhle yokuthi lobu buchwepheshe bushintsha kanjani busuka ezindabeni ezisematheni bube ngokoqobo.
Nakuba amaqembu amakhulu kagesi elungisa amaphothifoliyo awo kanye nezimali zomhlaba wonke zithatha izikhundla ukuze zigweme ukushiywa ngaphandle kwebhizinisi, lo mkhakha ubhekene nochungechunge lwezinto ezingaziwa eziyisisekelo: kusukela ku- ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu okudingekayo ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen evuselelekayo ngisho nobunzima bokuthola amakhasimende ezimboni azinzile ukuze kuthethelelwe ukutshalwa kwezimali. Umphumela uba yisimo lapho izimemezelo ezinkulu, amaphrojekthi okuhlola asevele esebenza, kanye nesigaba sokuhlola kuhambisana khona, kuqeda izinhlelo eziningi ezikhona ephepheni kuphela.
Iyini i-hydrogen eluhlaza futhi kungani idala injabulo enkulu kangaka?
Uma sikhuluma nge-hydrogen eluhlaza, sibhekisela ku- i-vector yamandla etholakala nge-electrolysis yamanziukuhlukanisa ama-molecule ayo abe yi-hydrogen kanye ne-oxygen kusetshenziswa ugesi. Isihluthulelo sokuthi ibhekwe njengevuselelekayo ngempela ukuthi lo gesi uvela kuphela emithonjeni efana namandla omoya. Amandla elanga noma ama-hydraulic.
Le nqubo yenziwa ngama-electrolyzer, asebenza ngamandla avuselelekayo, akhiqiza uphethiloli osebenza ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwawo. Ayikhiphi ikhabhoni diokside.Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lokuthi ukusetshenziswa kokugcina kuhlanzekile alisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi umjikelezo wokuphila kwayo wonke uhlanzekile, futhi yilapho ingxoxo enkulu yamanje mayelana nendima yayo yangempela ekushintsheni kwamandla iqala khona.
Imephu ye-hydrogen ivame ukuhlukanisa izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-hydrogen empungaI-hydrogen ekhiqizwa ngamafutha emvelo; i-hydrogen eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ehlanganisa izinhlelo zokubamba nokugcina ikhabhoni; kanye ne-hydrogen eluhlaza noma evuselelekayo, esebenzisa ugesi ohlanzekile kuphela. Kulawa amathathu, yilawa agcina kuphela avumelana nemigomo yaseYurophu yokungathathi hlangothi kwesimo sezulu yesikhathi esimaphakathi neside.
Ephepheni, i-hydrogen evuselelekayo ihloselwe ukuba yingxenye ebalulekile ekususeni i-carbonization imikhakha yezimboni okunzima ukuyifakela ugesi, njenge insimbiAmakhemikhali asindayo kanye nemisebenzi ethile yokucwenga, kanye nokuthuthwa kwemigwaqo esindayo kanye nokuthuthwa kolwandle, kuyizibonelo zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla. Kungasebenza futhi njengohlelo lokugcina amandla lwesizini, kusebenzisa izinto eziningi ezingavuseleleka futhi kukhishwe ugesi noma ukushisa lapho kudingeka khona.
Izinselele ezinkulu zamandla kanye nobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen eluhlaza
Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zayo ezingaba khona, ochwepheshe nabahlaziyi bagcizelela ukuthi indlela ayicacile neze. Elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile ukuthi Ibhalansi yamandla iyonke ye-hydrogen eluhlaza isalokhu idingeka kakhulu.Ukuyikhiqiza, ukuyigcina, ukuyithutha nokuyisebenzisa namuhla kudinga amandla amaningi kunalawo atholakala ezimweni eziningi.
Njengamanje, amandla adingekayo ukuhlukanisa i-hydrogen kwezinye izakhi nokwenza ukusetshenziswa kwayo okukhulu kusebenze kahle asalokhu ephezulu kakhulu. Emhlabeni jikelele, angaphezu kwalawo Amabhareli kawoyela ayizigidi eziyi-100 ngosukuNgokusho kwe-International Energy Agency, cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zazo zisetshenziselwa ezokuthutha. Ukufaka ingxenye enkulu yalowo mthamo esikhundleni se-hydrogen evuselelekayo kuzodinga ukuphindaphinda amandla okukhiqiza avuselelekayo afakiwe kanye nokwenza umzamo omkhulu wokutshala imali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, igesi ye-hydrogen ngokwayo ibangela izinselele ezinkulu zomzimba. Iyingxenye ye- ukuminyana okuphansi, okuvutha kakhulu futhi okugqwalisayoama-molecule awo avame ukuphuma ngesikhala esincane kakhulu. Ukuze igcinwe isesimweni soketshezi, kudingeka amazinga okushisa aseduze no-253 °C, okwenza kube nzima futhi kwandise izindleko zokugcina kwayo kanye nokuthuthwa kwayo ibanga elide.
Esinye isici esikhathaza ingxenye yomphakathi wesayensi imvelaphi yamandla nezinto ezidingekayo ukwakha yonke ingqalasizinda ehlobene nayo: kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwe ama-wind turbine, amaphaneli elanga kanye Ama-electrolyzer e-PEM kufaka phakathi amagridi kagesi kanye nezitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi. Ngezinga elikhulu, lezi zinqubo zisathembele kumafutha asetshenziswa kudala, okuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana namandla angempela kanye nokulinganisela kwesimo sezulu kwamaphrojekthi athile.
Empeleni, ukuhlaziya okuningi kuyavuma ukuthi, kuze kube namuhla, “isikweletu samandla” sokuqala somjikelezo we-hydrogen—wonke amandla atshalwe ekukhiqizweni nasekuphathweni kwawo— Idlula ngisho "idumela" elitholakala uma lisetshenziswaLeli qiniso lidinga ukuqapha okukhulu lapho kucatshangelwa i-hydrogen eluhlaza njengesixazululo esijwayelekile futhi liqinisa umqondo wokuyigcina ukuze isetshenziswe lapho kungekho ezinye izindlela ezisebenzayo.
ISpain njengesikhungo se-hydrogen esiluhlaza saseYurophu esizayo
Kanye nalezi zingxoxo zobuchwepheshe, iSpain izibekele umgomo wokuba yi- isikhungo esikhulu sokukhiqizwa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-hydrogen evuselelekayo ukuya kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithombo yelanga neyomoya, kanye nengqalasizinda yegesi ehlanganisiwe kakade kanye nesimo sendawo esihlelekile, kubeka izwe esimweni esihle.
Kodwa-ke, ulwazi lwakamuva lubonisa ukuthi igxathu eliya ekuzimeleni okugcwele kwamandla alikapheli nhlobo. Naphezu kokusetshenziswa okunamandla kwemishini evuselelekayo eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, Ukuthembela kwamandla angaphandle eSpain kusalokhu kusondele ku-69%.Lokhu kungaphansi ngamaphuzu ayisishiyagalombili kuphela kunango-2004 futhi cishe ngamaphuzu angamashumi amabili ngaphezu kwesilinganiso saseYurophu. Igesi kanye nowoyela kusasebenza cishe ku-70% wokusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanti ezokuthutha kanye nemboni enkulu isengozini enkulu yokungezwani kwezepolitiki.
Kulesi simo, i-hydrogen eluhlaza ivezwa njengenye yezindlela zokunciphisa ukungeniswa kukaphethiloli wezinto zasendulo, uma nje ingafakwa ngempumelelo ezinqubweni zezimboni kanye nezinhlelo zokuhamba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-European Union ikhuthaza imizila emikhulu efana I-H2Med, eklanyelwe ukuhambisa i-hydrogen evuselelekayo isuka e-Iberian Peninsula iye eFrance nakwezinye izimakethe ze-EU.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwale mizila kanye nezigodi ze-hydrogen ezisakazeke kulo lonke elaseSpain kuncike kakhulu ekuxhasweni ngezimali eYurophu kanye nokufika kwabatshalizimali abakhulu bamazwe ngamazwe abangochwepheshe. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwemali yendawo kanye neyomhlaba wonke kushintsha isimo sebhizinisi lomkhakha futhi kuthonya isivinini amaphrojekthi angathuthuka ngaso.
Isigaba esisha se-Enagás Renovable kanye nokungena kwe-Hy24
Enye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zezinkampani ezinyangeni zamuva nje kube yi- ukuhlelwa kabusha kwesabelo se-Enagás RenovableLe nkampani, enenqwaba yamaphrojekthi e-hydrogen eluhlaza kanye ne-biomethane eSpain, yenze ushintsho ngokuhambisana nezidingo zomthetho zomthetho omusha waseYurophu, odinga ukuhlukaniswa okucacile phakathi kokuthutha igesi kanye nemisebenzi yokukhiqiza amandla.
Kulolu shintsho, i-Enagás inciphise isabelo sayo enkampanini engaphansi kwamandla avuselelekayo yaba ngu-20%, kuyilapho ipulatifomu yokutshalwa kwezimali I-Hy24 ithathe u-80% wenhloko-dolobhaNgenxa yalokhu, ithole isabelo esingu-40% e-Enagás kanye nesabelo esingu-5% ngasinye eNavantia nasePontegadea, okuyinkampani yokutshalwa kwezimali ka-Amancio Ortega. Lesi sinyathelo sivumela inkampani ukuthi ihambisane nemithetho ye-EU futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, iqinise isimo sayo sezezimali emjikelezweni olandelayo wokutshalwa kwezimali.
I-Hy24, esekelwa yisikhwama saseFrance i-Ardian kanye ne-FiveT Hydrogen, izibeke njenge- ipulatifomu yokutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda ye-hydrogen enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeniUkuthola kwayo isabelo ku-Enagás Renovable kuhlose ukwenza lula ukufinyelela kwezimali nokusheshisa ukwenziwa kwezinqumo kumaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi, lapho isivinini sokuthola izimvume, abalingani kanye namakhasimende kungenza umehluko uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimakethe.
Uhlelo oluhlanganyelwe luhlose ukutshalwa kwezimali okucishe kube Ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili kumaphrojekthi e-hydrogen eluhlaza ESpain, lokhu kufaka phakathi imali eyengeziwe engama-€450 million yokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ze-biomethane eziyishumi nambili. Ikakhulukazi emkhakheni we-hydrogen ovuselelekayo, iphothifoliyo ihlanganisa cishe ama-MW angu-1.200 omthamo we-electrolysis, okuhlanganisa kokubili amaphrojekthi aphethwe yinkampani kanye nabalingani.
Umhlahlandlela ubeka umgomo wokufinyelela u-2030 nge Amandla kagesi okusebenza angu-250 MW kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuqoqwe cishe izigidi ezingu-800. Kusukela ngalolo suku, inhloso ukuqedela ukuthunyelwa kwephothifoliyo esele, ukwengeza amanye ama-MW angu-600 nokukhulisa umzamo wokutshalwa kwezimali oqoqiwe ube ngaphezu kwezigidigidi ezimbili, njalo kuye ngokuvela kwesidingo kanye nemvelo yokulawula.
Amaphrojekthi avelele eSpain: kusukela kumaphrojekthi okuhlola kuya ezindaweni ezinkulu
I-Enagás Renovable kanye nabalingani bayo banephrojekthi eqhubekayo amaphrojekthi ayishumi nambili axhumene ne-hydrogen eluhlaza ezigabeni ezahlukene zentuthuko, kugxilwe kakhulu ekususweni kwe-carbonization ezikhungweni ezinkulu zezimboni. Sekukonke, igagasi lokuqala lezinhlelo lilodwa kulindeleke ukuthi likhiqize ama-MW angu-250 wamandla avuselelekayo ahlobene futhi lidonsele cishe ama-€800 million ekutshalweni kwezimali ngo-2030.
Esigabeni samaphrojekthi akhiwayo, inkampani iyanezela amandla angaphezu kuka-410 MW ezindaweni ezinesidingo esikhulu samandla. Phakathi kwezindawo ezinkulu kunazo zonke kukhona isitshalo sase-Onuba eHuelva, esino-300 MW, kanye nesakhiwo [esingacacile], kanye nesinye i-100 MW, okuhloswe kakhulu ekuthatheni indawo ye-hydrogen empunga esetshenziswa njengamanje ezitshalweni ze-petrochemical nasezindaweni zokuhluza.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zikhungo ezinkulu, inkampani isivele isebenza iphrojekthi yokuhlola eMallorca esibe yindlela yokulinganisa amandla e-hydrogen eluhlaza ezindaweni zaseziqhingini. Okuhlangenwe nakho okutholakale kulesi sitshalo kusebenza njengesisekelo sokuphindaphindeka kwesikhathi esizayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-European Union, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemikhawulo ekuhlinzekweni kwamandla okuvamile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkampani ihilelekile kweminye imisebenzi ehlobene nokukhiqizwa kwe- amafutha okwenziwa kanye nezixazululo zokuhamba Ezindaweni ezifana neBilbao, iCartagena, neHuelva, ngokubambisana namaqembu afana neRepsol, iPetronor, neMoeve. Umqondo uwukuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen nokusetshenziswa kwayo ngqo ezinqubweni zezimboni kanye nemikhumbi yezokuthutha, ngaleyo ndlela kuvalwe iluphu evumela ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani.
Impumelelo yaleli cebo izoncika kakhulu ekhonweni lokuqinisekisa izivumelwano zokuthenga zesikhathi eside nemboni, ukuqinisekisa imali engenayo ezinzile kanye nokuqinisekisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kuma-electrolyzer, ama-regenerative ahlobene nawo, kanye namanethiwekhi okusabalalisa. Ngaphandle kwalesi sidingo esiqinile, eziningi zalezi zigodi ze-hydrogen zingahlala ezigabeni zokuqala isikhathi eside kunalokho obekulindelwe.
Iphrojekthi yokuhlola i-hydrogen eluhlaza eMallorca
Isitshalo se-hydrogen esivuselelekayo eMallorca, esasungulwa ngo-2022, sasingesinye sezitshalo ezikhiqiza i-hydrogen eMallorca. amaphrojekthi okuqala eSpain ukuthola uxhaso oluqondile oluvela kwiKhomishini yaseYurophungesibonelelo sama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-10 kutshalomali oluhleliwe olulinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-50. Inhloso kwakuwukuhlola lonke uchungechunge lwenani endaweni yangempela: ukukhiqizwa kabusha, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile kokugcina.
Lesi sakhiwo, esisendaweni yezakhiwo zezimboni zangaphambili zeCemex eLloseta, siyingxenye yesivumelwano sokuvuselela izimboni esifinyelelwe ngemuva kokuvalwa kwesitshalo sikasimende. 2,5 MW umthamoLona umsebenzi omncane kakhulu, kodwa wanele ukukhombisa ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe kanye nomnotho kwalolu hlobo lwengqalasizinda esiqhingini.
Intuthuko ayizange ibe ngaphandle kwezithiyo. Izinkinga zobuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni kwe-electrolyzer ziphoqelelwe phazamisa umsebenzi okwesikhashanaIphrojekthi yaqala kabusha ngo-2024 uma izinkinga sezixazululiwe. Naphezu kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo sisalokhu siyindawo efanele yokuhlola ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi esizayo, kokubili eziQhingini zaseBalearic nakwezinye iziqhingi noma ezindaweni ezikude.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen ekhiqizwa eMallorca kusabalale ezindaweni eziningana. Ingxenye ifakwa ngqo ku- inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa igesi yemvelo esiqhingini, okufaka isandla ekususeni i-carbon ekusetshenzisweni kwasekhaya nasezimbonini ngokuyixuba negesi evamile. Enye ingxenye isetshenziselwa uphethiloli wezimoto zamabhasi amahlanu e-EMT ePalma, okwaba yizimoto zokuqala zokuthutha umphakathi ezisebenzisa i-hydrogen edolobheni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sisebenza ekuhlinzekeni i-hydrogen amaseli kaphethiloli akhiqiza ugesi nokushisa yehhotela ePalma, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenzela isikhungo esifanayo esikhumulweni sezindiza. Umklamo wephrojekthi uhloselwe ukwandiswa nokuphindaphindeka, ngokubamba iqhaza kwezinkampani ezifana ne-Acciona, i-Redexis, ne-Calvera, kanye nezikhungo ezahlukene kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo.
IGalicia: kusukela ekukhuleni kwezimemezelo kuya ekuhlolweni kwamaphrojekthi e-hydrogen eluhlaza
Uma kukhona umphakathi owodwa ozimele obonisa kahle ukushintshela ku-hydrogen eluhlaza, yiGalicia. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukukhiqizwa kufinyelele Thumela izinhlelo ezingafika ku-30 ezihlobene ne-hydrogen evuselelekayo, ngokutshalwa kwezimali okulinganiselwa ku-2.100 billion euros, ngokusho kweGalician Hydrogen Association (AGH2).
Ukukhanga kweGalicia akulona iphutha. Lesi sifunda siqhosha ngobuningi izinsiza zamanzi nomoyaAmaphesenti aphezulu okukhiqizwa kukagesi ovuselelekayo—cishe u-84,6% wamandla akhiqizwayo avela emithonjeni ehlanzekile—futhi indawo efanelekile emizileni yokuthumela imikhumbi yaseNyakatho Atlantic. Okungeziwe kulokhu ukutholakala komhlaba wezimboni ezindaweni ezithuthukiswa kabusha njenge-As Pontes neMeirama, kanye nokuba khona kwamachweba afana ne-A Coruña, i-Ferrol, ne-Vigo anamandla okuba yizindawo zokuhambisa i-hydrogen.
Kodwa-ke, umbiko wekota yokuqala ovela kwiGalician Hydrogen Observatory, okhuthazwe yi-AGH2 kanye neGalician Energy Institute (INEGA), uqinisekisa ukuthi lo mkhakha usuvele usuka ku- isigaba kusukela ekucindezelweni okunamandla kwabezindaba kuya esigabeni sokuvuthwaIsihluthulelo asisasho kakhulu ukumemezela amaphrojekthi amasha kodwa sibonise ukusebenza kwawo kwangempela. Ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala ka-2026, izinhlelo eziyisithupha kuphela ezazisacutshungulwa ngokusebenzayo.
Lokhu kulungiswa kusho ukuthi cishe 20% weziphakamiso zokuqala Idlulile ekuhlolweni okubekwe yimakethe, izidingo zomthetho, kanye nobunzima bokuthola uxhaso lwezimali. Izinkampani eziqhubekela phambili nezinhlelo zazo ngokuyinhloko yi-Ignis, i-Repsol, i-H2Pole alliance, i-Accionaplug, i-Tasga, kanye ne-Statkraft, ngayinye inamaphrojekthi ezindaweni ezahlukene zaseGalicia.
I-Observatory igcizelela ukuthi lokhu kugxila akuyona into eyenzeka yodwa, kodwa kunalokho kulandela iphethini efana naleyo ebonwe kulo lonke elaseSpain naseYurophu: ukuvela ekwandeni kwezikhangiso kuya ekukhetheni izinhlelo. ngamandla amakhulu obuchwepheshe kanye namamodeli ebhizinisi angakwazi ukubhangaInselele enkulu manje ukuhumusha le mibono ibe yizinqumo zokugcina zokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nezinkontileka zokunikezwa kwezinkampani embonini.
Amaphrojekthi ayisithupha e-hydrogen aluhlaza asaphila eGalicia
Phakathi kwezinhlelo ezisacutshungulwa, iphrojekthi ye I-Accionaplug e-Morás (Arteixo)Le phrojekthi ihilela isitshalo esingu-20 MW esinamandla okukhiqiza cishe amathani angu-2.990 e-hydrogen eluhlaza minyaka yonke. Le ntuthuko isanda kuthola iSitatimende Somthelela Wezemvelo (i-EIS) esihle futhi ilinde ukuthi kuqhubeke ukugunyazwa kwezemvelo okuhlanganisiwe.
Enye yamaphrojekthi abalulekile yile I-H2PoleEkuqaleni eyakhuthazwa yiReganosa kanye ne-EDP Renováveis e-As Pontes, le phrojekthi, enomkhiqizo olinganiselwa kumathani ayi-15.000-16.000 e-hydrogen ngonyaka kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okungaba yizigidi eziyi-156 zama-euro, ingenye yengqalasizinda ethuthuke kakhulu eGalicia futhi ihloselwe ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekushintsheni kwamandla esifundeni.
E-Begonte, i-Iberdrola ne-Foresa iyakhangisa I-Green MeigaLe phrojekthi, egxile ekukhiqizweni kwe-methanol eluhlaza, ihlose ukuletha cishe amathani ayi-100.000 alo fuel wokwenziwa emakethe minyaka yonke. Inesabelomali esilinganiselwa ku-€500 million futhi kulindeleke ukuthi isebenze cishe ngo-2027, kuye ngokutholakala kwezimvume kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali.
Le phrojekthi nayo ivelele I-TriskelionLe phrojekthi, exhunywe neForestal del Atlántico futhi egxile ekukhiqizweni kwe-e-methanol endaweni yase-As Pontes, iqashelwe njengeqhinga elibalulekile yiKhomishini yaseYurophu lokusheshisa ukucutshungulwa kwayo nokwenza kube lula ukufinyelela ezimalini zomphakathi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuyingxenye yesinyathelo se-Valdo Eume, esenzelwe ukuvuselela indawo ngemuva kokuvalwa kwesitshalo samandla okushisa.
Uhlu luqediwe ngu- Isigodi sase-H2 A Coruña, eholwa ngu-Ignis futhi enomthamo ohleliwe ongaba ngu-251,8 MW kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okungaba yizigidi ezingu-170 zama-euro ngokusekelwa nguhulumeni, kanye Jules VerneIsitshalo sokuqala se-hydrogen esiluhlaza echwebeni laseGalician (iVigo), esinamandla angu-2 MW kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okungu-4,5 million euros. Lesi sitshalo sinombukiso oqinile kanye nengxenye yezokuthutha, njengoba sitholakala endaweni ebalulekile yokuhamba ngemikhumbi.
Uxhaso lwezimali lwaseYurophu, isidingo sezimboni kanye nemithethonqubo emisha
Naphezu kwalolu hlelo lwamaphrojekthi athuthukile, iGalicia ibhekene ne- ubuthakathaka bezezimali besakhiwo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifunda zaseSpain. Azikho izinhlelo zayo ezikhethiwe ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe-European IPCEI Hy2Use, oluhambisa usizo oluqondile kumaphrojekthi amakhulu e-hydrogen, okushiya umphakathi usesimeni esibi uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ezifana neBasque Country, i-Asturias noma i-Andalusia, ezithole ingxenye yalolo xhaso.
Ukusinda kwamaphrojekthi aseGalician manje kuncike kakhulu emandleni awo okuheha izinsiza ku izingcingo ezithile zeziphakamiso ezifana nomjikelezo wesibili weBhange le-Hydrogen laseYurophu, ephethwe eSpain yi-IDAE futhi inikezwe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-440,5, kanye nemigqa yobudlelwano baseYurophu i-Clean Hydrogen ngaphansi kwesambulela se-Horizon Europe, esiphelelwe yisikhathi samanje esiphela maphakathi no-Ephreli 2026.
Umbiko we-Observatory uphinde ugcizelele umthelela we Isimemezelo Sasebukhosini 149/2026Lo mthetho, owavunywa ngoFebhuwari, uqinisa izidingo zobuchwepheshe nezezimali zamaphrojekthi e-hydrogen avuselelekayo. Inhloso ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo eziqhubekela esigabeni sokwakha aziqhutshwa nje kuphela yizinto ezilindelwe ngokuqagela, kodwa zisekelwa yisidingo esicacile sezimboni kanye nekhono lokufaka isandla ngempumelelo ekususeni i-carbonization.
Kuleli qophelo, enye yezingqinamba eziyinhloko yi- ukuntuleka kwezivumelwano zokuthenga zesikhathi eside (ukuthatha imali engaphansi kwentela) nabathengi bezimboni. Ngokungafani nezinye izindawo ezinezimboni ezinkulu eziningi, eGalicia isidingo esingaba khona se-hydrogen sisasakazeka, okuvimbela ukutholakala kwebhange kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwangasese okudingekayo ukuze kunikezwe ukukhanya kokugcina kokutshalwa kwezimali.
I-Observatory igcizelela ukuthi, ukuze amaphrojekthi aseGalician aqedele inqubo yokuvumela futhi afinyelele esigabeni sokwakha, kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa amamodeli ebhizinisi aqinile, ukuphothula izinkontileka zokuphakelwa, kanye nokwenza intuthuko ekuthuthukiseni igridi kagesi—into ebeka isisekelo ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo eziningana. Ikota yesibili ka-2026 izophawulwa yintuthuko yale miklamo kanye nezinqumo zezingcingo zokuxhaswa ngezimali zaseYurophu.
Uma sibheka iSpain neYurophu iyonke, i-hydrogen eluhlaza isesimweni sokuguquka lapho Izithembiso ezinkulu seziqala ukulinganiswa ngemingcele eqinile yenzuzo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesimo sezuluAmaphrojekthi afana nokuhlolwa eMallorca, izigodi zezimboni e-Iberian Peninsula, kanye nezinhlelo eGalicia zizosebenza ekuvivinyeni izinga lobu buchwepheshe obungayifeza ngalo indima yabo ehlosiwe ezinhlelweni zokususa i-carbon dioxide. Isihluthulelo kuzoba ukuhlanganisa isifiso nokuba ngokoqobo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke i-euro etshalwe ku-hydrogen inegalelo ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nokuqinisa ukuphepha kwamandla ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umbono wemikhawulo yayo yamanje yobuchwepheshe kanye namandla.
