Umphakathi waseMadrid unqume ukuthatha isinyathelo esengeziwe ku- ukuvuselelwa kwezindawo zemvelo zezintaba ezonakelengohlelo oluthile olugxile emigodini yezimayini, emahlathini om-oki, nasezindaweni zokuhlala ezisezintabeni eziphakeme. Lokhu kuyindlela yokungenelela ehleliwe ehlanganisa ukubuyiselwa kwamahlathi, ukuvikelwa kwenhlabathi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwendawo yokuhlala yezilwane zasendle.
Uhlelo, olwethulwe nguNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo, Ezolimo kanye Nezangaphakathi, UCarlos NovilloLo msebenzi uzosetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningana ezintabeni zaseSierra de Guadarrama, kanye nemisebenzi eBecerril de la Sierra, Cercedilla, Manzanares El Real, kanye naseRascafría. Umqondo uwukuthi, ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka, lezi zindawo zizoqala ukukhombisa... isakhiwo semvelo esiseduze kakhulu nesokuqala, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokucindezeleka kwabantu kanye noshintsho ezitshalweni.
Uhlelo oluphelele lokuvuselela imvelo yezintaba
Le phrojekthi inesabelo semali esingu- I-773.888 euro Yaklanywa njengephrojekthi ehlanganisiwe ebhekana nezitshalo, inhlabathi, nezilwane ngasikhathi sinye. Kunokuba ikhawulelwe emsebenzini wokulungisa, iphakamisa ukungenelela okujulile ku izindawo ezilimele ngenxa yemisebenzi yezimayini, ukwanda kwama-conifers kanye nokuguguleka komhlabathi ezindaweni ezisogwini lomfula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lugcizelela kakhulu ukuvikela umhlabathi njengesisekelo sokuvuselelwa kwalezi zindawo zemvelo.
Ngokusho komnyango, izinqumo zobuchwepheshe zenziwe ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe- UMkhandlu Wezemvelo WesifundaLe nhlangano, eyakhiwe ochwepheshe abavela kuhulumeni wesifunda kanye nabameleli bezinhlangano zomphakathi, ichaze ukuthi yiziphi izindawo zokuhlala eziza kuqala nokuthi ingaqondisa kanjani ukutshalwa kwezimali kulezo zindawo. isidingo esikhulu sokuvuselelwa kwemvelo.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo incike ekubuyiselweni nasekuqinisweni kabusha kwe izinhlobo zezitshalo zomdabuNgokungafani nezindawo ezifanayo zezihlahla zikaphayini nezinye izitshalo ze-conifer ebezihlala ezweni emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi kuqondakala njengethuluzi lokuthuthukisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwandisa ukuqina kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu eSierra de Madrid.
Izenzo zenzelwe futhi ukukhiqiza izinzuzo eziqondile ku- izilwane zasendle ezivikelwe Okuhlobene nalezi zindawo yizinyoni zasehlathini nezinyoni ezidla inyama, amalulwane, kanye nezinhlobo ezixhumene nemifudlana kanye namahlathi asezindaweni eziseduze nolwandle. Le ndlela ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali akugcini nje ngokuphazamisa indawo kodwa futhi kunomthelela obonakalayo ekusebenzeni kwangempela kwezindawo zemvelo.
Izimali zaseYurophu zokuvuselela imvelo
Lolu hlelo luzoxhaswa ngokugcwele yi- Izimali zaseYurophu ezivela kwi-Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF)ngokushintsha izinsiza ezazingasetshenziswanga kwamanye amaphrojekthi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imali ekugcineni izuzisa i- ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi eSpain kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwefa lemvelo laseMadrid, esikhundleni sokulahleka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokusetshenziswa.
Uhulumeni wesifunda ugcizelela ukuthi lokhu kungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi uhlelo lwalesi sabelo sesabelomali kanye nendawo luqaliswe esifundeni sezintaba. kugxilwe kakhulu emigodini yezimayini, emahlathini e-oki nasezintabeni eziphakemeUkukhethwa kwalezi zinhlobo ezintathu zezindawo zokuhlala kusekelwe kokubili enanini lazo lemvelo kanye nezinga lazo lokuwohloka.
Uhlelo lomsebenzi lubeka umgomo wokuqedela imisebenzi eyinhloko ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka, yize Imiphumela yemvelo izobonakala kancane kancane. eminyakeni elandelayo, njengoba echaza Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ihlathi liphinde likhule?Ukufakwa kwamabhokisi ezidleke kanye nezindawo zokukhosela amalulwane, isibonelo, kuzoletha intuthuko esheshayo ezinhlotsheni ezithile, kuyilapho izinguquko esakhiweni sehlathi zizothatha isikhathi eside ukuhlangana.
Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwezimali zaseYurophu kuhambisana nezibopho zezemvelo zeSpain kanye ne-European Union endaweni ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuvuselelwa kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo, okudinga ukuthi ohulumeni benze intuthuko ekubuyiselweni kwezindawo ezonakele kanye nasekuthuthukiseni isimo sokulondolozwa kwezindawo zemvelo zokuhlala.
Ukubuyiselwa kwemigodi yezimayini e-Becerril de la Sierra
Enye yamabhulokhi ayingqayizivele kakhulu ohlelo itholakala ku I-Becerril de la Sierraezindaweni ze- I-Dehesa del Berrocal ne-GargantillaLapho, kuzothathwa isinyathelo imigodi eyishumi nanye yezimayini, izinsalela zemisebenzi yakudala yokukhipha eshiye izibazi ezibonakalayo ezweni kanye noshintsho oluphawulekayo lwendawo.
Amaqembu avela endaweni yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo yomnyango azokwenza ukwakhiwa kabusha kwesimo salezi zikhalaInhloso ukushelela imithambeka, ukugcwalisa noma ukusabalalisa kabusha izinto, nokubuyisela indawo esimweni esiseduze nalokho okwakukhona ngaphambi komsebenzi wokumba. Lokhu kuhlose kokubili ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwendawo kanye nokwenza kube lula ukubuyiselwa kwezitshalo.
Kuleso sisekelo esisha esingokwenyama, ukutshala okuhleliwe zezinhlobo zezitshalo zasekhaya ezikhula ngamakhambi, izihlahlana, kanye nezihlahlana, ezivumelaniswe nezimo zezintaba. Ukukhetha lezi zitshalo akulona iphutha: inhloso iwukuba zikhiqize isembozo sezitshalo ezahlukahlukene esifaka isandla ku- ukunciphisa ukuguguleka komhlabathi, ukuqinisa inhlabathi nokudala izindawo zokuhlala ezincane kwezilwane ezingenamgogodla, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kanye nezinyoni.
Ngaphezu kokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi, iphrojekthi ihlanganisa ukufakwa kwe amabhokisi ezidleke zezinyoni y amabhokisi elulwane ezindaweni ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwalezi zimbobo zangaphambili. Lezi zakhiwo zokwenziwa zizosebenza njengokusekelwa kokuqala kwezilwane zasendle ukuze ziphinde zibuyisele indawo, kuyilapho izitshalo zikhula futhi izihlahla nezihlahla zikhula zibe zinkulu.
Ukuvuselelwa kwalezi zindawo zokumba akugcini nje ngokubaluleka kwemvelo, kodwa futhi kunendawo kanye nomphakathi, ukuhlanganisa kabusha la mazwe endaweni yasezintabeni futhi kuncishiswe umthelela obonakalayo wemisebenzi yezimayini zangaphambili. Esikhathini esimaphakathi, lezi zindawo ezivuselelwe kulindeleke ukuthi zisebenze njengezindawo ezincane ezishisayo zezinto eziphilayo ezixhunywe ezintabeni ezizungezile.
Izindawo eziphakeme zezintaba eNavacerrada kanye nokuphathwa kwehlathi lephayini e-El Risco
Esinye isici okugxilwe kuso yindawo Ipasi le-Navacerrada, kumasipala we UCercedilla, lapho okulandelayo kuzobhekwana khona: ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo izindawo zokuhlala ezintabeni eziphakemeLezi zindawo, ezizwela kakhulu ekucindezelweni kwesimo sezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezokuzijabulisa, ziye zahlupheka kwezinye izindawo ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yizitshalo zemvelo kanye nokuminyana kwenhlabathi.
Umsebenzi ezindaweni eziphakeme zezintaba uzogxila ekuvuseleleni isembozo sezitshalo esivamile kulezi zindawo eziphakeme, ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile e- vikela inhlabathi ekugugulekeni kanye nokuvimbela ukunyathelwa kanye nokungalawuleki kwezimoto ukuthi kukhulise ukuwohloka kwezindawo zotshani eziphakeme kanye nezindawo eziluhlaza. Lokhu kungenelela kuhlose ukuqinisa indima yeSierra de Guadarrama njengesiphephelo sazo izinhlobo ezijwayele izimo ezibandayo, abathola eNavacerrada enye yezindawo zabo zokugcina eziqinile esifundeni.
En I-Manzanares El RealLesi senzo sizogxila ehlathini elisetshenziswa umphakathi Idwalalapho kugcwele khona ubuningi obukhulu bezihlahla zikaphayini kanye nezihlahla zikaphayini zase-Arizona njengamanje. Lezi zihlahla zikaphayini, ezivame ukwethulwa noma ukuthandwa yimizamo yokutshala kabusha amahlathi esikhathini esidlule, ziye zashintsha kancane kancane izihlahla zikaphayini. izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinamaqabunga abanzi zomdabu okwakuchaza le ndawo.
Uhlelo lulindele ukuthi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwehlathi likaphayiniLokhu kuhilela ukunciphisa ukuba khona kwama-conifers nokukhuthaza ukubuyiselwa kwezinhlobo zamahlathi abanzi endawo, njengezihlahla ze-oki nezinye izihlahla ezinamahlathi abanzi. Lolu hlobo lokuphathwa kwamahlathi luhlose ukuhlukanisa isakhiwo samahlathi, okwenza angathinteki kalula yizinambuzane, imililo, kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu ezihambisana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ngokushintsha kancane kancane amanye ala mahlathi ephayini ngezitshalo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene, imvelo nayo iyathuthukiswa. amandla entaba okugcina amanzi, ukulungisa ikhabhoni nokunikeza isiphephelo ezilwaneni ezihlukahlukene kakhuluLolu shintsho ngeke lube khona ngokushesha, kodwa izenzo zokuqala zizobeka umzila oqonde emodelini yehlathi elinganiselayo ehambisana nezimo zemvelo zesimo sezintaba.
Izihlahla ze-oki zase-El Paular kanye namahlathi aseceleni komfula eRascafría
Ukubuyiselwa kwe amahlathi e-oki kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zasezindaweni eziseduze nogu lolwandle Kungenye insika yalolu hlelo, enemisebenzi emihle kakhulu kumasipala wase I-rasca ebandayoEpulazini Isikhathi sika-El Paular Kuzokwenziwa umsebenzi ekwakhekeni kwe-oki okucindezelwe ukwanda okunamandla kwe- uphayini kasawotiokunobuningi obukhulu obukhawulela ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ezivamile ehlathini le-oki. Lezi zenzo ziyingxenye yokuthuthukiswa kwe Izindawo zemvelo ezivikelekile kanye nokuphathwa kwayo okusimeme.
Ochwepheshe bahlela ukungenelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphikelela kwe-holm oak kanye ne-Andalusian oak, izinhlobo ezimbili ze-oki eziphawuleka kulezi zintaba, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zithandeka ukunwetshwa kwe-oki emnyamaokwamanje elwela ukuzinza. Ukunciphisa ukuncintisana okuvela kuphayini i-Aleppo kuzovumela lezi zinhlobo ezinamahlamvu abanzi ukuthi zithole isikhala nokukhanya, okwandisa ukuhlukahluka kwesakhiwo nezimbali zehlathi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwala mahlathi e-oki akugcini nje ngokuthinta izitshalo. La mahlathi asekela imiphakathi yezinyoni zasehlathini, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kanye nezitshalo ezicebile ezihambisana nazo okuncike ekubeni khona kwezihlahla ezivuthiwe ezinamahlamvu abanzi, izindawo ezivulekile ezisakazeke kahle, kanye nezitshalo ezihlukahlukene ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ngokulinganisa kabusha ukwakheka kwehlathi, kwakheka indawo enhle kakhulu yazo zonke lezi zinhlobo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzothathwa isinyathelo ku- amahlathi asezindaweni eziseduze nemifudlana yaseLa MorcueraFuthi eRascafría. Izinqubo zokuwohloka kwamabhange omfula kanye nogu lolwandle zitholakale kulezi zindawo zomfula, kanye ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yizitshalo zasemanziniLokhu kuphazamisa ukuzinza kwamabhange kanye nekhwalithi yemvelo yomfula wamanzi.
Ukungenelela okuhleliwe kuhlose ukuvimba lezi zinqubo ezigugulekayo ngokubuyisela izitshalo ezivamile zasezindaweni eziseduze nokuqinisa imithambeka, kuqiniswe umsebenzi wala mahlathi njengoba imihubhe yemvelo kanye nendawo yokukhosela izilwane zasendle ezihlobene namanziLokhu kuqedela umdwebo wezenzo ezisukela ezindaweni zezimayini kuya emifuleni, ezidlula emahlathini e-oki asezintabeni.
Izilwane zasendle ezivikelwe kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kuyimbangela yezenzo
Nakuba eziningi zezinyathelo zigxile ezitshalweni nasenhlabathini, umgomo omkhulu walolu hlelo ukuthuthukisa izimo zokuphila zezilwane zasendle ezivikelwe ezikhona kulezi zindawo zemvelo. Inhlanganisela yokuvuselelwa kwamahlathi, ukutshalwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane zasendaweni, kanye nokudalwa kwezindawo zokuphephela zokwenziwa yenzelwe ukwandisa ukutholakala ukudla, indawo yokukhosela, kanye nezindawo zokuzalela ngezinhlobo eziningi.
Phakathi kwezenzo ezibonakala kakhulu zezilwane zasendle yi- ukubekwa kwamabhokisi ezidleke kanye nezindawo zokukhosela amalulwane emigodini emidala yezimayini, ezonikeza izindawo eziphephile zokuhlala noma zokukhosela ngenkathi izitshalo zikhula. Lezi zakhiwo, kanye nokwanda kokumboza izitshalo, kuvumela izinyoni ezidla izinambuzane, izinyoni ezincane ezidla inyama, kanye namalulwane ukuthola izimo ezingcono zokuhlala endaweni.
Ukuguqulwa kwamahlathi ephayini ahlukile abe amahlathi axubile anamaqabunga abanzi kanye ukuvuselelwa kwezihlahla ze-oki namahlathi asezindaweni eziseduze nolwandle Zizophinde zandise ububanzi bezindawo zemvelo ezitholakalayo. Ngale ndlela, uMphakathi waseMadrid unethemba lokuthi ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezilwane kuzokhula futhi kuzinze, kuqinise ukusebenza kwezindawo zemvelo zasezintabeni.
IKhansela uCarlos Novillo ugcizelele ukuthi zonke lezi zindlela zokungenelela zenzelwe ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezilwane esifundeni kuvela ngokusobala kuqinisiweNjengoba kunezindawo zokuhlala eziningi ezahlukene kanye nokuxhumana okungcono phakathi kwazo, izilwane zasendle ezivikelwe kulindeleke ukuthi zibe namandla amakhulu okuzivumelanisa nezinguquko zemvelo nokuhamba phakathi kwezindawo zemvelo ezahlukene.
Uma zihlanganiswa, lolu hlelo ludala imephu yezenzo ezihlanganisa imigodi yezimayini evuselelwe, amahlathi ephayini ahlelwe kabusha, amasimu e-oki avuselelwe, kanye nosebe lwemifula oluzinzile, okudala inethiwekhi yezindawo ezigcinwe kahle kakhulu eSierra de GuadarramaUma kuhlangatshezwana nezinsuku zokugcina futhi amasimu ehlanganiswa, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwama-euro angu-773.888 avela ku-MRR kungaba yinguquko ekubuyiselweni kwezindawo zemvelo zaseMadrid, kubuyisele kulezi zindawo zezintaba ingxenye enkulu yengcebo yemvelo ebeziyilahlekela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
