La ukukhiqizwa kwamandla enuzi E-Argentina, usephinde waphula irekhodi lakhe. Futhi ivala u-2025 ngokuphakama okukhulu kunawo wonke, okuphawula iminyaka emibili ilandelana yokukhula nokuqinisa isikhundla sayo njengenye yezinsika zokuphakelwa kukagesi ezweni. Lokhu kusebenza kuqinisa indima yamandla enuzi njengomthombo womthwalo oyisisekelo, okwazi ukuhlinzeka ngozinzo esimweni sokukhula kwesidingo kanye noshintsho lwamandla oluqhubekayo.
Ngokusho kwedatha ekhishwe yi- I-Nucleoelectrica Argentina SA (NA-SA)Inkampani ephethwe nguhulumeni eningi ephethe ukusebenza kwezitshalo zikagesi i-Atucha I, i-Atucha II kanye ne-Embalse ithole i-a ukukhiqizwa kwe-10.760.572 MWh ngonyakaLesi sibalo sidlula I-10.449.015 MWh ebhalisiwe ngo-2024Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo futhi kubeka amandla enuzi cishe 7,5% wesidingo sikagesi sikazwelonke.
Isilinganiso esisha samandla enuzi e-Argentina
Unyaka wezimali odlule uphele nge irekhodi eliphelele lokukhiqizwa kukagesi wenuziLe mpumelelo isekelwe ekutholakaleni okuphezulu kwezitshalo ezintathu zikagesi kanye nokwenza ngcono izici zazo zomthwalo. Le nkampani igcizelela ukuthi le miphumela iwumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwe ukulungiswa okuhleliweukuphathwa kobuchwepheshe okuqinile kanye nezindinganiso zokuphepha eziphakeme, isihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukutholakala okuqhubekayo nokubikezelwayo.
Ngokwemigomo yokusebenza, ukuthuthuka uma kuqhathaniswa no-2024 kusho ukuthi kukhiqizwe ama-MWh engeziwe angaphezu kuka-300.000Lokhu kumelela inani elikhulu ngaphakathi kohlelo lukagesi lwase-Argentina. Lokhu kwanda kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokusebenza kwezikhungo zikagesi eziphakeme kakhulu. Idamu kanye ne-Atucha II, abaphinde baqopha amarekhodi abo amahle kakhulu kusukela baqala ukusebenza ngo-2025.
Isikhundla samandla enuzi njengomthombo wamandla omthwalo oyisisekelo Kubaluleke kakhulu uma kusebenza ngendlela ehambisanayo ne- amandla avuselelekayo ahlukahlukenenjengomoya noma amandla elanga. Nakuba lokhu kuncike ezimweni zezulu, izitshalo zamandla enuzi zihlinzeka ngokugeleza kukagesi okuqhubekayo, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza kohlelo futhi kunciphise isidingo sokusekela uphethiloli wezinto zasendulo.
Umkhakha wamandla ugcizelela ukuthi, ngaphezu kokuqina kwawo, amandla enuzi awubuchwepheshe ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa okuphansiLokhu kwenza kube ithuluzi eliwusizo ngaphakathi kwamasu okususa i-carbonization. Nakuba le mpikiswano ithuthuke kakhulu eYurophu, lapho amazwe afana neFrance, iFinland, neSpain ngokwawo ebukeza indima yamandla enuzi ekuxubeni kwawo kwamandla, ulwazi lwase-Argentina lubonakala njengesifundo esisebenzayo sendlela yokugcina imikhumbi ekhona yezitshalo zamandla enuzi ezisebenza emazingeni aphezulu okusebenza kahle.
Amarekhodi e-Embalse nase-Atucha II: izitshalo zikagesi ezidonsa inqola
Ingqophamlando yaminyaka yonke ka-2025 akuyona nje ingqophamlando ehlangene yemikhumbi yenuzi: iyiqiniso futhi amarekhodi aphula amarekhodi ezikhungweni ezimbili zamandla ezintathu ezisebenza. the Indawo yokugcina Amandla Enuzi, etholakala esifundazweni saseCórdoba, yafinyelela ku- ukukhiqizwa okuphelele okungu-5.352.203 MWh, idlula irekhodi layo langaphambilini 5.224.058 MWh ka-2023Lokhu kuthuthuka kubonisa umthelela omuhle wemizamo yokuthuthukisa kanye namasu okusebenza asetshenziswe ngemuva kokwandiswa kwesikhathi sayo sokuphila.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, i Isikhungo Samandla Enuzi sase-Atucha IILe nkampani, etholakala esifundazweni saseBuenos Aires, yavala unyaka ngokukhiqiza i- inethi engu-5.408.370 MWh, ngaphezu kokuphakama kwayo kwangaphambilini Kufinyelelwe ku-5.200.490 MWh ngo-2016Lokhu kugxuma kuqinisekisa indima ye-Atucha II njengomunye wemithombo eyinhloko yokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-baseload ohlelweni, ngomsebenzi, ngokusho kwenkampani, osekelwa yi izici zomthwalo ophezulu kanye nokuqina kokusebenza.
Ukusebenza okuhlangene kwe-Embalse ne-Atucha II kubonisa ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali ku ukulungiswa, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla Lezi zinyathelo zingaholela ekwandeni okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa kukagesi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwakha iziteshi zikagesi ezintsha. Le ndlela ilandelwa ngentshisekelo kwamanye amazwe, kufaka phakathi amazwe angamalungu e-European Union, lapho kuqhubeka khona izingxoxo mayelana nendlela yokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwezikhungo ezikhona nokusebenzisa kahle ingqalasizinda eseyehlisiwe kakade.
Empeleni, irekhodi elisha libonisa ukuthi izitshalo zikagesi zase-Argentina zikwazile ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu, into ehlobene ngqo nensimu yenuzi izinhlelo zokuhlola eziqinile, izinqubo zokuphepha ezimisiwe, kanye namaqembu obuchwepheshe akhethekileLe nkampani igcizelela ukuthi, ngale kwezibalo, inhloso eyinhloko isewukuphepha kwabantu kanye nemvelo.
Lokhu kusebenza okuqhubekayo kunikeza nesibonakaliso sokuzinza eMakethe Kagesi Ethengiswayo (i-MEM), lapho i-NA-SA ithengisa khona amandla ewakhiqizayo. Ukuba khona komthombo oqinile womthwalo wesisekelo kuvumela ukuguquguquka kwentengo okumaphakathi okuhambisana nobunye ubuchwepheshe, udaba, ngaphandle kokwehluka kwemakethe, olujwayelekile kubaphathi bakagesi baseYurophu.
I-Atucha I: ukwandiswa kokuphila kwamashumi amabili eminyaka yokusebenza
Irekhodi lokukhiqiza lihambisana nochungechunge lwe- amaphrojekthi amaqhinga ahlose ukuqinisekisa ikusasa lemikhumbi yenuzi yase-ArgentinaPhakathi kwabo, okulandelayo kuyagqama: Iphrojekthi Yokwandisa Impilo ye-Atucha I, kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zengqalasizinda yamandla ezweni.
I-Atucha I, isitshalo sokuqala samandla enuzi eLatin America, okwamanje sisesikhungweni ukuvalwa okuhleliwe isikhathi eside ukwenza umsebenzi wokuvuselela kanye nokushintsha izingxenye ezibalulekile. Ngemva konyaka kuqalile lokhu kuvalwa, iphrojekthi yethula 48% inqubekelaphambili, kanye nentuthuko enkulu ekubuyekezeni izinhlelo ezibalulekile ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni.
Umgomo ucacile: ukuthi isitshalo sikagesi singakwazi qhubeka nokusebenza okungenani iminyaka engu-20 eyengeziweUkugcina amazinga omhlaba wonke adinga kakhulu ukuphepha kwenuzi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemisebe. Le ndlela ifana naleyo elandelwa emazweni amaningana aseYurophu, lapho ukwandisa impilo yezitshalo zamandla ezikhona kubhekwa njengendlela yokuqinisa ukuphepha kokuhlinzekwa ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa amandla amasha avuselelekayo.
Imisebenzi ihlanganisa kokubili ukungenelela ku- isiqhingi senuzi njengokuthuthukiswa kwe- izinhlelo zokulawula izitshalo, izinsimbi kanye nokuphathaI-NA-SA igcizelela ukuthi le misebenzi ayihlose nje ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwesitshalo, kodwa futhi nokufaka ubuchwepheshe obubuyekeziwe kanye nezindlela zokuklama zesimanjeLokhu kuhambisana nezincomo zezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ezikhethekile.
Uma iphrojekthi yokwandisa impilo isiqediwe, i-Atucha I izophinde ihlanganiswe ngokugcwele ekusebenzeni kohlelo lukagesi lwase-Argentina, inikeze amandla aqinile abhekwa njengesihluthulelo salokhu. ukusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha angeniswa kwamanye amazwe, okuyinkinga ekhathazayo nasengxenyeni enkulu yeYurophu.
Ukuphathwa kukaphethiloli wenyukliya: indawo yokugcina izinto eyomile e-Atucha II
Kanye nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwezitshalo zamandla enuzi, enye into ebalulekile yenqubomgomo yenuzi yase-Argentina ukuphathwa okuphephile nokunesibopho kukaphethiloli osetshenzisiweLona umongo lapho Iphrojekthi Yokugcina Uphethiloli Osetshenzisiwe (i-ASECG II) ku-Atucha II, esevele ibhalise i- Intuthuko engu-38%.
Lo msebenzi uhilela ukusetshenziswa kwesisombululo sokugcina uphethiloli osetshenzisiwe esomile, ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakade emazweni amaningi obuvumela nciphisa ukuminyana kwamachibi okugcina izinto ezitholakala ezitshalweni zamandla ngokwazo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kwesitshalo ngenkathi kuqinisa ukuphepha kwesikhathi eside kwezinto zenuzi.
Uhlelo lokugcina izinto ezomile lusekelwe ezitsheni ezikhethekile ezenzelwe Gcina uphethiloli uhlukanisiwe futhi upholile ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinhlelo ezisebenzayo eziyinkimbinkimbiLolu khetho lubhekwa njengoluqinile ngokombono wokuphepha futhi lusiza ekuphathweni kwesikhathi esizayo kwemfucuza enemisebe ephezulu, ngokuhambisana nezidingo ezisungulwe izinhlangano ezilawulayo kanye nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.
Emazweni aseYurophu, amazwe amaningana akhethe izixazululo ezifanayo ze- ukwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kukaphethiloli osetshenzisiweLokhu kusebenza kokubili ezitshalweni zamandla ezisebenzayo nasezikhungweni ezivalwa. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi lwe-Atucha II lunezela ochungechungeni lwamacala abonisa ukuthi ukuhlanganisa indawo yokugcina amanzi echibini kanye nendawo yokugcina amanzi eyomile kuyithuluzi eliphumelelayo lokuphatha umjikelezo kaphethiloli ngenkathi izingxoxo ngezixazululo zesikhathi eside neziqondile ziqhubeka.
Ngokusho kwe-Nucleoeléctrica, intuthuko yephrojekthi ye-ASECG II ayibalulekile nje kuphela ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi njengoba uphawu lokuzibophezela ekuphepheni nasekunakekelweni kwemveloLezi yizici ezimbili ezivame ukugxila engxoxweni yomphakathi ephathelene namandla enuzi, kokubili e-Argentina nakwamanye amazwe omhlaba.
Uhlelo lwenuzi, ukuphepha kwamandla kanye nokubheka eYurophu
Ukusebenza okuhle kanye nenqubekela phambili yemisebenzi yamasu kuhlelwe ngaphakathi kwe- imephu yesikhathi eside yomkhakha wenuzi wase-ArgentinaLe nkampani iholwa ngu UDemian Reidel, isazi sefiziksi esiqeqeshwe eBalseiro Institute kanye nePhD kwezomnotho eHarvard University, obhalwe njengombhali walokho okubizwa ngokuthi Uhlelo Lwenuzi lwase-Argentina, idokhumenti echaza iziqondiso zokuthuthukiswa komkhakha emashumini eminyaka ezayo.
Le nkampani igcizelela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamarekhodi ngo-2025 kuqinisa isikhundla samandla enuzi njengoba umthombo osebenzayo, othembekile futhi ongenawo ukukhishwa okukhulu komoyakucelwe ukusekela ukukhula komnotho kanye nokwanda kwesidingo sikagesi. Indima yezitshalo zikagesi njengengxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "amandla ayisisekelo" ivezwa njengento ebalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphepha kwamandla ezweni.
EYurophu, lapho impikiswano mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo zamandla enuzi, ukungathathi hlangothi kwesimo sezulu, kanye nokuvalwa noma ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kwezitshalo zamandla enuzi kusaphila kakhulu, icala lase-Argentina linikeza isibonelo sendlela isitshalo samandla enuzi esihlanganisiwe esingakwenza ngayo. ukuqhubeka nokwandisa umkhiqizo wayo ngokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye namaphrojekthi okwandisa impiloAmazwe afana neFrance, iSweden, neFinland akhuthaze indlela efanayo, kanti amanye, njengeJalimane neSpain, akhethe uhlelo lokuvala kancane kancane, yize esimweni saseSpain ukulungiswa kungasuswa kuye ngezidingo zesikhathi esizayo zesistimu. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwaseYurophu kubeka lezi zinqumo esimweni sazo.
Ngale kwezinqumo zezombusazwe zezwe ngalinye, ukuvela kohlelo lwenuzi lwase-Argentina kubonisa ukuthi inhlanganisela yokuphepha, ukugcinwa, kanye nokuhlela isikhathi eside Lokhu kungaholela ekufakeni isandla esikhulu kwalolu buchwepheshe ekuxubeni kwamandla ngaphandle kwesidingo sama-reactor amasha esikhathini esifushane. Lesi sici sithakazelisa kakhulu ezingxoxweni zaseYurophu mayelana nezindleko, ukutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nezikhathi zokuthunyelwa kwengqalasizinda entsha.
Ezweni lakithi, i-Nucleoelectrica Argentina igcizelela ukuthi kugxilwe kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuqhubekayoInhloso ukuhlanganisa amaphrojekthi aqhubekayo nokuhlaziya ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi iziteshi zikagesi zesikhathi esizayo zinganwetshwa noma zengezwe emikhunjini ekhona. Konke lokhu, bakhomba, kungenxa yohlelo lukagesi oluqinile noluhlukahlukene oluhambisana nemigomo yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi okuyiyo futhi ebumba uhlelo lwe-ajenda e-European Union.
Ngakho-ke ibhalansi ka-2025 idweba isithombe esicacile: Izitshalo zamandla enuzi zase-Argentina sezifinyelele izinga lazo eliphakeme kakhulu lokukhiqiza emlandweniIqhutshwa yimikhiqizo ye-Embalse ne-Atucha II futhi isekelwa amaphrojekthi ezakhiwo afana nokwandiswa kokuphila kwe-Atucha I kanye nendawo yokugcina izinto eyomile e-Atucha II, amandla enuzi, anikela cishe ku-7,5% wesidingo sikagesi kanye nokusebenza ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zokuphepha nokuthembeka, ahlala eyisici esibalulekile sohlelo lwamandla lukazwelonke futhi kuyicala okufanele lilandelwe eduze eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, lapho ingxoxo mayelana nendima okufanele idlalwe yilobu buchwepheshe emashumini eminyaka ezayo iyaqhubeka.
