Ubudlelwano phakathi kokunambitheka kwamafutha omnqumo amahle angavamile nalokho okwenzeka ngaphansi komhlabathi buphinde baba yisizinda sempikiswano nohlelo olusha lomncintiswano wamazwe omhlaba olukhuthazwa yiphrojekthi yaseYurophu. Inhlabathi O-LiveLo mncintiswano, obanjelwe eJaén, uqinisa umqondo wokuthi ikhwalithi ye-EVOO iqala ezweni hhayi nje kuphela emshinini womnqumo.
Kuhlelo lwayo lwesithathu, i-The Soil Health & Olive Oil Quality Awards ithatha elinye igxathu phambili ngokufaka i- isigaba esisha esithile sezithelo ezivuthiwe, eklanyelwe ukuqaphela amafutha anezinzwa ezimnandi nezithuthukisiwe, kodwa avela emasimini omnqumo aphethwe ngezindinganiso eziphakeme zokusimama kanye nenhlabathi enomsebenzi omangalisayo wezinto eziphilayo.
Kuzalwa isigaba sezithelo ezintsha ezivuthiwe
Into entsha kakhulu yalolu hlelo lwesithathu ukudalwa komklomelo we- amafutha avuthiwe anezitheloLolu hlobo olusha lwamafutha, obelulokhu lumbozwe kancane ngamafutha endabuko aphakathi nendawo futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lwandisa ububanzi bamaphrofayili e-organoleptic aqashelwayo ngaphandle kokwehlisa amazinga alo maqondana nempilo yenhlabathi lapho amafutha avela khona.
Inhloso yalesi sigaba esisha ukuvuza lawo mapulazi, ngisho nangokukhetha isivuno esiphumela kuphrofayili yezinzwa evuthiwe, akwazi ukulondoloza. inhlabathi enekhwalithi ephezulu yezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuthola amafutha omnqumo angavamile kakhulu. Ekugcineni, inhloso ukukhombisa ukuthi ubuhle bungatholakala ngezitayela ezahlukene zamafutha, uma nje isisekelo sezolimo siqinile.
Kanye nalesi sigaba esisha esengeziwe, umncintiswano ugcina imiklomelo yawo yamafutha amahle kakhulu izithelo eziluhlaza okotshani eziphakathi nendawo kanye nezithelo eziluhlaza okotshani eziqinilekanye nomklomelo okhethekile wenhlabathi enempilo kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izibonelo ezithunyelwe. Le nhlanganisela ivumela ukuqhathaniswa kwemikhuba yokuphatha izihlahla zomnqumo ehlukene kakhulu, kodwa ngesici esifanayo: ukuphishekela inhlabathi enempilo nekhiqizayo esikhathini eside.
Le nhlangano igcizelela ukuthi ukufakwa kwezithelo ezivuthiwe kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile esingokomfanekiso, njengoba ivuma ukuthi Ikhwalithi yezinto eziphilayo yenhlabathi iyahambisana namaphrofayili ahlukahlukene e-organolepticnjalo ngaphakathi kwemingcele yobumsulwa kanye nobuhle obudingekayo ngamafutha omnqumo asezingeni eliphezulu.
Umncintiswano oyingqayizivele ohlanganisa uwoyela womnqumo nempilo yenhlabathi
Umncintiswano we-Soil Health & Olive Oil Quality Awards usuzibekele uphawu lokulinganisa, ngokusho kwabagqugquzeli bawo, umncintiswano kuphela emhlabeni okuhlola ndawonye ikhwalithi yezinzwa kanye neyamakhemikhali kawoyela womnqumo ongavamile kanye nesimo sezinto eziphilayo senhlabathi evela kuyo. Akukhona nje ukunambitha uwoyela, kodwa futhi nokufunda okwenzekayo ezweni lapho lawo ma-olive avela khona.
Iphrojekthi yaseYurophu i-Soil O-Live, eqondiswa yi- Jaén University Futhi ngombono weqhinga likaDeoleo, inkampani ibilokhu ikhombisa ngokwesayensi iminyaka eminingi ukuxhumana phakathi kwenhlabathi enempilo namafutha asezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuze yenze lokhu, ihlaziya imingcele efana nokuphefumula kwemvelo kwenhlabathi, okuqukethwe yi-polyphenol yamafutha, kanye nokumelana kwawo ne-oxidation, okwakha ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kokuphathwa kwezihlahla zomnqumo kanye nomkhiqizo wokugcina ebhodleleni.
Ngesikhathi sesethulo esisemthethweni, esasibanjelwe eJaén, kwagcizelelwa ukuthi lo mncintiswano uhlanganisa umugqa womsebenzi ohlanganisa isayensi kanye nemikhuba yezolimo. Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-Soil O-Live seluvele lubhekwa njengolubalulekile. Umholi waseYurophu ekuqapheni inhlabathiikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa izinkomba ezihambisana noMthetho Wokuqapha Inhlabathi WaseYurophu wesikhathi esizayo.
Kubahleli, ukugxila empilweni yenhlabathi akuyona nje inkinga yemvelo; futhi kuyisibopho esibalulekile emkhakheni wamafutha omnqumo waseYurophu. Inhlabathi enomsebenzi omuhle wezinto eziphilayo, amandla okugcina amanzi amaningi, kanye nesakhiwo esizinzile ihumusha ibe yizihlahla zomnqumo eziqinile, ezingancikile kakhulu ezintweni zangaphandle, futhi ezinekhono elikhulu lokukhiqiza. uwoyela ozinzile, omsulwa futhi ohlukile.
UJaén, inhloko yesethulo kanye nezwi lomphakathi wesayensi
Ukwethulwa kwalolu hlelo lwesithathu kwenzeke eJaén, isifundazwe esibalulekile kumephu yamafutha omnqumo aseYurophu, kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwePhini likaRector for Research and Knowledge Transfer of the Inyuvesi yaseJaén, uVictoria López Ramón; Uchwepheshe Wezokuzinza weDeoleo, uBartolomé Lara; kanye nomxhumanisi wephrojekthi yeSoil O-Live, u-Antonio Manzaneda.
ULópez Ramón ugcizelele ukuthi lo mncintiswano uziqinisekisa njengowukuphela kwawo ohlola ngokucophelela ubudlelwano phakathi impilo yenhlabathi yemvelo kanye nobuhle be-EVOONgokombono wakhe, ukufakwa kwesigaba sezithelo ezivuthiwe kumelela isikhathi esibalulekile, ukuqaphela ukuhlukahluka kwezitayela zamafutha ngaphandle kokulahla ukuqina kwesayensi ekuhlolweni kwenhlabathi.
Iphini lika-rector ligcizelele ukuthi ucwaningo luyisisekelo sokuguqula isimo sezomnotho nesemvelo sibe amamodeli azinzile, futhi wakhomba iphrojekthi ye-Soil O-Live njengesibonelo ukubambisana phakathi kwamanyuvesi, izinkampani kanye nezikhungoEnkulumweni yakhe, wagcizelela ukuthi ukutshala imali kwisayensi esetshenziswayo emasimini omnqumo nakho kuyindlela yokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yesifunda nokuqinisa umkhakha obalulekile waseSpain.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uBartolomé Lara, omele uDeoleo, ugcizelele ukuthi ukubaluleka komncintiswano kuseqinisweni lokuthi awugcini nje ngokuqaphela ikhwalithi yokuzwa kawoyela, kodwa futhi uhlanganisa ubukhulu bemvelo yendawo evela kuyo. Ngalo mbono ohlanganyelwe, lo mkhakha unethuluzi lokuya kumodeli lapho ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nempilo yesimiso semvelo hambani nibambene.
U-Antonio Manzaneda, umxhumanisi wephrojekthi, ugcizelele ukuhlanganiswa kwalolu hlelo ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu kanye nesithakazelo esikhulayo esisikhiqizayo phakathi kwabakhiqizi eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseMedithera. Uchaze ukuthi umyalezo oyinhloko ucacile: "Inhlabathi iyindawo yokuqala yokwenza kahle," futhi ukunakekela umhlaba akufanele kubhekwe njengomthwalo, kodwa kunalokho njengento engenza umehluko omkhulu emakethe.
Ukuqagela kwamazwe ngamazwe: kusukela emasimini omnqumo ase-Andalusia kuya eMedithera
Esinye sezici ezichazayo zalolu hlelo yi- ubukhulu obuqinile bamazwe ngamazwe yomncintiswano. Ngaphezu kokuba khona okuvelele kwezimboni zomnqumo zaseSpain kanye nezindawo zokuhlala, kulindeleke ukuthi kube nokubamba iqhaza okukhulu kubakhiqizi eGrisi, e-Italy, ePortugal kanye, okubaluleke kakhulu, eMorocco.
Ukuzibandakanya kweMorocco kuqiniswe ngemuva kokusingathwa komhlangano waminyaka yonke wenhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe i-Soil O-Live, lapho abalimi abaningi bomnqumo bamenywa khona ukuthi bajoyine lo msebenzi. Lokhu kuvuleleka kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zeMedithera kuvumela ukuqhathaniswa. amasu okuphatha izihlahla zomnqumo ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene, kodwa kunezinselele ezifanayo maqondana nesomiso, ukuguguleka komhlabathi kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuvunda kwenhlabathi.
Ku-University of Jaén kanye nezikhungo ezisebenzisana nayo, lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe kusiza ekubekeni iJaén endaweni efanele, futhi ngokwengeziwe, esifundeni. ISpain njengelabhorethri ephilayo ukusungula izinto ezintsha ekutshalweni komnqumo okusimeme. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abakhiqizi abavela kwamanye amazwe aseMedithera bangasebenzisa ulwazi abaluthole esifundeni sase-Andalusia futhi babelane ngemikhuba yabo yokulondolozwa kwenhlabathi ephumelelayo.
Isimo saseYurophu salo msebenzi sisekelwa uxhaso lwawo oluphelele ngohlelo I-Horizon Europe ye-European Union. Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka, izinhlangano zezemfundo, zesayensi kanye nezamabhizinisi eziyi-15 ziyasebenzisana ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuhlola inhlabathi, ukuklama imikhuba yezolimo ehloniphekile futhi zibonise umthelela wazo oqondile ekhwalithini kawoyela.
Le nethiwekhi yokusebenza ivumela ukuhlanganisa ulwazi lwesayensi oluthuthukisiwe nolwazi lwasensimini lwabalimi beminqumo kanye nezindawo zokugaya iminqumo, ukuze izixazululo eziphakanyisiwe zisebenze emapulazini angempela, kokubili ezindaweni ezinkulu nasemapulazini amancane emindeni asakazeke kulo lonke iMedithera.
Indlela yokubamba iqhaza: izidingo, izinsuku zokugcina kanye namasampula
Isikhathi sokubhalisa somncintiswano sihlala sivulekile kuze kube yilapho 3 ngoJuniPhakathi nalesi sikhathi, isigayo ngasinye somnqumo noma inkampani enesifiso sokubamba iqhaza kumele ilethe izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zamasampula, okuzoba yisisekelo sokuhlaziywa okuhlangene kwamafutha nomhlabathi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthunyelwa kwe Amamililitha ayi-500 amafutha omnqumo angavamile okuhambisana neqembu elithunyelwe emncintiswaneni. Lesi sampula sizoba yiso esizohlolwa kokubili ngokuhlaziywa kwe-physicochemical kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinzwa yiphaneli yochwepheshe bamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kudingeka isampula Amagremu angu-50 engqimba yenhlabathi engaphezulu kusukela ensimini yomnqumo lapho kuvela khona, kuhambisane nezixhumanisi eziqondile zendawo yesakhiwo. Ngenxa yalolu lwazi, ithimba lobuchwepheshe lingaqinisekisa ukulandeleka kwenqubo futhi liqinisekise, lisebenzisa izithombe zesathelayithi, ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana kwangempela phakathi kwendawo ehlaziyiwe kanye namafutha athunyelwe.
Lolu hlelo lokuqinisekisa luhlose ukuqinisekisa ukucaca komncintiswano nokuvimbela ukuhanjiswa kwamafutha ngaphandle kokuhlobana okucacile nomhlabathi othile. Ngale ndlela, imiphumela etholwe emncintiswaneni ikhombisa ngokunembile ukusebenzisana phakathi ukuphathwa kwezolimo, isimo somhlabathi kanye nekhwalithi ye-EVOO.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha yelabhorethri, izixhumanisi ze-GPS, kanye namathuluzi okubuka ngesathelayithi nakho kunikeza isisekelo esibalulekile socwaningo olwengeziwe mayelana nendlela inhlabathi kanye nezihlahla zomnqumo ezisabela ngayo kumamodeli ahlukene okulima, ukuphathwa kokumbozwa kwezitshalo, noma amasu okunisela kanye nokufaka umanyolo.
Ukuhlolwa kwezigaba ezimbili: isayensi nokunambitha
Ukukhethwa kwamafutha awinile kuhlelwe ngezigaba ezimbili ezihlukaniswe ngokucacile, ezifuna ukuhlanganisa umbono wesayensi ngenhlabathi ngokuhlolwa kwemizwa komkhiqizo wokugcina. Isigaba sokuqala, sohlobo lobuchwepheshe, senzeka ngenyanga kaMeyi futhi sigxile ekuhlaziyweni kwempilo yenhlabathi yensimu ngayinye yomnqumo ehlanganyelayo.
Kulesi sigaba sokuqala, ikomidi lesayensi le-Soil O-Live lihlola amasampula enhlabathi kusetshenziswa ipharamitha ye- ukuphefumula kwenhlabathi okuyisisekeloLesi sibonakaliso silinganisa umsebenzi wamagciwane futhi sihambisana nezindinganiso ezibekwe emithethweni yokuqapha inhlabathi yaseYurophu ezayo. Izihlahla zomnqumo kuphela ezinamazinga aphezulu kakhulu ekhwalithi yezinto eziphilayo ezizophumelela kulolu vivinyo.
Yilawo masampula kawoyela avela enhlabathini enempilo kuphela aqhubekela esigabeni sesibili, esigxile ekunambitheni. Lesi sigaba sokugcina sihlelelwe... 4 ngoJuni futhi izohlanganisa iphaneli yochwepheshe bamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nabameleli be-International Olive Council (IOC), i-IFAPA, i-University of Jaén kanye ne-Deoleo uqobo.
Abanambitha bazohlola amafutha njengavuthiwe, aluhlaza okotshani, kanye naluhlaza okotshani, belandela imithetho esemthethweni ye-IOC, benaka kokubili ubukhulu nokucaca kwezimfanelo ezinhle kanye nokungabikho kwamaphutha. Umgomo uwukuba amafutha awine imiklomelo ahlangabezane nezindinganiso ezimbili: ubuhle ekuvundliseni i-canopy kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yenhlabathi ekuqaleni.
Ngale ndlela, umncintiswano udala uhlaka lapho umphumela omuhle ekunambithekeni unganele ngokwawo ukuze uthole ukuqashelwa; kubalulekile ukuthi uwoyela uvele ensimini yomnqumo enezinkomba eziqinile zempilo yezinto eziphilayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqiniswa umyalezo wokuthi ikhwalithi yangempela iqala ezweni.
I-Soil O-Live: isayensi, ukusimama kanye nomkhakha wamafutha omnqumo waseYurophu
Lo mncintiswano uyingxenye yephrojekthi yaseYurophu Inhlabathi O-LiveLesi sinyathelo, esiqondiswa yiNyuvesi yaseJaén futhi sixhaswe ngokugcwele yi-European Union ngohlelo lwe-Horizon Europe, sihlanganisa izikhungo zemfundo eziyi-15, izikhungo zocwaningo, kanye nezinkampani ezinomgomo ofanayo: ukukhuthaza imikhuba yokuphathwa kwezihlahla zomnqumo ezithuthukisa impilo yenhlabathi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ikhwalithi yamafutha omnqumo angavamile akhiqizwa eYurophu naseMedithera.
Imigqa yomsebenzi wenhlangano ihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkomba ezithembekile zokulinganisa isimo sezinto eziphilayo zenhlabathi, ukwakheka kwamasu okulima anciphisa ukuguguleka komhlabathi futhi andise izinto eziphilayo, kanye nokuhlolwa komthelela wazo zonke lezi zinyathelo ku amapharamitha abalulekile amafuthanjengokuqina kwayo kwe-oxidative noma iphrofayili yayo ye-phenolic compound.
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwesayensi nomkhakha okhiqizayo kungenye yamandla ale phrojekthi. Ukubamba iqhaza kwezinkampani ezinkulu, izimboni zamafutha omnqumo, ama-cooperative, kanye nabakhiqizi ngabanye kuvumela ukuhlola imibono yelabhorethri ngokumelene nezimo zangempela ensimini, ukuqhuba izivivinyo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamapulazi nangaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kweSpain nakwamanye amazwe abambisene nawo.
Le phrojekthi igxile nasekuqeqeshweni nasekudluliseleni ulwazi, ukuhlela imihlangano yobuchwepheshe, imihlangano nabalimi beminqumo, kanye nemisebenzi yokufinyelela abantu ukuze kusondele imiphumela yocwaningo kulabo abenza izinqumo zansuku zonke emasimini omnqumo. Ngakho-ke umncintiswano wamazwe ngamazwe ngamafutha nenhlabathi usube uhlobo oluthile ukuboniswa kwemikhuba emihle kanye nethuluzi lokusheshisa ukushintshela kumamodeli okukhiqiza azinzile.
Esimweni esiphawulwe ukukhathazeka ngesomiso, ukuwohloka kwenhlabathi, kanye nesidingo sokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo emakethe yomhlaba wonke, izinhlelo ezifana ne-Soil O-Live kanye nokudalwa kwesigaba sezithelo ezintsha ezivuthiwe zibonisa ukuthi indlela eya phambili ilele ekuhlanganiseni ikhwalithi, ukusimama, kanye nokuqina kwesayensi. Umncintiswano obubanjelwe eJaén awugcini nje ngokuklomelisa imiklomelo kodwa futhi usiza ekuchazeni kabusha lokho esikuqondayo ngokugqwesa empumelelweni. Amafutha omnqumo aseYurophu angavamile Futhi impilo yomhlabathi idlala yiphi indima kulowo mqondo?