Uhulumeni wase-Australia ugunyaze ukwakhiwa kwesikhungo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni esizofaka ukushisa kwelanga, esizofakwa kuso IPort Augusta, eNingizimu ye-Australia. Lesi sitshalo sokuvelela sizoba ne- amandla angu-150 megawatts futhi kuzoba esinye isinyathelo sokuguqula isimo sezwe samandla esibheke emandleni avuselelekayo. Iphrojekthi inokwesekwa yinkampani I-SolarReserve, esezakhe kakade izindawo ezishisayo e-solar e-United States, njenge-Crescent Dunes plant e-Nevada.
Izindleko zesitshalo zikhuphuka cishe Izigidi ezingama-650 zamadola ase-Australia (US$510 million), futhi kuzodala ukwakhiwa 650 imisebenzi yendawo ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka kwayo. Ngokohlelo lokuqala, umsebenzi uzoqala ngonyaka ozayo futhi kulindeleke ukuthi uphothulwe ngo-2020, unikeze amandla esifundazweni saseNingizimu Australia.
Ukusebenza kwesitshalo esishisayo selanga
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwesitshalo se-photovoltaic kanye nesitshalo esishisayo selanga sisendleleni lapho amandla akhiqizwa futhi agcinwe ngayo. Ngenkathi izitshalo ze-photovoltaic ziguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi ngqo, izitshalo ezishisayo zelanga, njengaleso esePort Augusta, basebenzisa izibuko ukugxilisa ukukhanya kwelanga ohlelweni lokushisa. Ngokukhethekile, lesi sitshalo sizosebenzisa ubuchwepheshe usawoti oncibilikisiwe, okuvumela ukushisa kugcinwe ngokuphumelelayo.
Utitjhere Matthew Stocks, ovela e-Australian National University, uchaza ukuthi enye yezinselele eziyinhloko zamandla ashisayo ukuthi akwazi ukugcina ukushisa kuphela, okwenza kungabi lula ukuguquguquka kunamabhethri. Kodwa-ke, isistimu yokugcina okushisayo ibaluleke kakhulu ukonga kunamabhethri avamile, ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningana, kuhlanganise Wasim Saman, uprofesa wobunjiniyela bamandla aqhubekayo eNyuvesi yaseNingizimu Australia.
Amandla nezinzuzo zamandla
Imboni yelanga iPort Augusta izoba namandla okugcina amandla azosetshenziswa ebusuku, okuzovumela ukuthi ugesi uphehlwe phakathi nesikhathi. ubuningi bamahora ayi-8 ngemva kokushona kwelanga. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukunikezwa okuqhubekayo, ukuqeda ukuncika ekuguquguqukeni kwansuku zonke kwelanga. Imboni izoletha inani 495 gigawatt-amahora (GW/h) wamandla ngonyaka, azohlanganisa cishe u-5% wezidingo zamandla zaseNingizimu Australia, anele ukuhlinzeka cishe 90.000-100.000 amakhaya.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isifiso siwukuzuza umjikelezo wokukhiqiza osebenzayo usuku lonke, ngaphandle kweziphazamiso, okungase kuphawule ingqopha-mlando ekuzimeleni kwamandla kwesifunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo sizofaka isandla ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwe-CO2, ukugwema ukukhishwa cishe amathani angu-200.000 e-carbon dioxide ngonyaka, inzuzo enkulu yokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
I-Australia kanye nokuthuthuka kwayo kumandla avuselelekayo
I-Australia ayintsha kumaphrojekthi amakhulu ahlobene namandla avuselelekayo. Okunye okuphawulekayo yiqiniso lokuthi ngo-2017, uTesla wafaka ibhethri ye-lithium enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni esifundazweni saseNingizimu Australia, iphrojekthi ehambisana ngokuphelele nezinhlelo zokushisa zelanga nelanga esifundeni. Ibhethri ye-Tesla ine- 100 MW umthamo futhi ixhunywe eHornsdale Wind Farm, isikhungo esiphehla ugesi ongaphezu kuka-1.050.000 MWh ngonyaka.
U-Elon Musk, oyi-CEO yakwaTesla, uvikele amandla elanga ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezikhulayo zamandla omhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphrojekthi afana ne-Aurora ePort Augusta aqinisekisa kabusha ukuthi amandla ashisayo elanga angaba yisixazululo esisebenza kahle ezifundeni ezinokuchayeka okukhulu kwelanga, njenge-Australia.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-tycoon yaseBrithani Sanjeev Gupta, ngenkampani yayo i-SIMEC ZEN Energy, isimemezele ukwakhiwa kwebhethri elisha elinamandla amakhulu kunelikaTesla, 120 MW/140 MWh, futhi eNingizimu Australia. Lokhu kuqinisa ubuholi base-Australia emandleni avuselelekayo.
Ikusasa lamandla elithembisayo
I-Australia yenze amandla avuselelekayo abe ngenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ngonyaka wezi-2024, izwe kulindeleke ukuthi lenze inqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo emgomweni walo wokuzuza Amandla avuselelekayo angu-100% ngo-2030. Abacwaningi be- I-Alternative Technology Association (ATA) bagunyaze lokhu okungenzeka, begqamisa ukuthi ukushintshwa kwamandla e-Australia kusesigabeni sokunwetshwa okusheshisiwe.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amandla avuselelekayo asevele amelela ngaphezu 40% kagesi eNingizimu ye-Australia, kanye namaphrojekthi afana nesikhungo sase-Port Augusta, izwe liyisinyathelo esisodwa sokusondela ekuqedeni ukuzimela kwamandla.
Ngalesi sitshalo esishisayo selanga namanye amaphrojekthi asendleleni, i-Australia ibekwe njenge amandla amakhulu emhlabeni wonke emandleni avuselelekayo, ekwazi ukuhola ukulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuguqula i-matrix yayo yamandla.