ESpain, i- izimoto ezixhunyiwe Ziqala ukuthatha ingxenye enkulu yokuthengiswa okuphelele, kuyilapho e-European Union, izimoto zikagesi ezisebenzisa amabhethri zithola isabelo semakethe esimweni lapho izimoto zikaphethiloli kanye nedizili zincipha khona. Konke lokhu kwenzeka phakathi kwezinguquko ezinhlelweni zoxhaso lukahulumeni, ukungena kwabakhiqizi abasha baseShayina, kanye nokulungiswa kwemikhiqizo yendabuko kule ndawo entsha.
ISpain: Izimoto zikagesi ziyanda ekubhalisweni kwezimoto ezintsha
Emakethe yaseSpain, izibalo zikaFebhuwari zibonisa ukuthi izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile (i-BEV) Bathuthuka ngesivinini esihle. Omunye wemibiko uthi Izimoto zikagesi ezingu-9.097 ezibhalisiwe kuleyo nyanga, okumelela ukwanda okulinganiselwa kwe 45% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo sonyaka odlule kanye ne- Isabelo semakethe esingu-9,1% yezimoto zabagibeli. Kuyisilinganiso esasingabonakala singacabangeki eminyakeni embalwa edlule, lapho izibalo ezinamadijithi amathathu zazingavamile ukuxoxwa ngazo.
Uma ukugxila kunwetshwa ukuze kufakwe ama-plug-in hybrids (PHEVs)Ukuba khona kwezimoto ezixhunywe ku-plug-in kuyanda kakhulu. Ama-PHEV acishe abe [inani elingekho] ngoFebhuwari. 12.300 kuya ku-12.700 amayunithi, kanye namazinga okukhula azungeze 80% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule kanye nesabelo esingaphezu kancane 12%Izimoto zikagesi ezihlanganisiwe nezihlanganisiwe kanye nezimoto ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisiwe zisondela eduze Isabelo esingu-21-22%cishe imoto eyodwa kwezinhlanu ezintsha ezithengisiwe ESpain, isivele ixhunywe kugridi kagesi.
Ngokufana, i- ama-hybrids ajwayelekile Ziyaqhubeka nokuba yizinketho ezikhethwa kakhulu kubashayeli abaningi abangakafuni ukushintshela kugesi. Amayunithi angu-39.000 kanye nesabelo semakethe esicishe sibe ngu-47%Bayaqhubeka nokubusa imakethe, yize umkhuba wesikhathi esimaphakathi usikisela ukuthi abanye balaba bathengi bangathuthela ezimotweni zikagesi nezihlanganisiwe njengoba amanani ehla futhi izibonelelo ziqina kakhulu.
Izinjini zendabuko ziyaphela ngokusobala. uphethiloli baseduze 22.800 ukubhaliswa bese uwela eduze 20%ngesabelo semakethe esingaba ngu-23%, kuyilapho udizili kucishe kudlule Amayunithi we-5.400 futhi isivele ihambahamba 5-6% wokuthengisaIzimoto nazo igesi (i-LPG ne-CNG) Ziyancipha, njengoba kunababhalisi abangaphezu kuka-3.000 kanye nokwehla cishe ngo-30%.
Uma zonke izinhlobo zezinjini zihlanganiswa ndawonye, ​​imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli yaseSpain ibhalise i- ukukhula cishe okungu-7,5%, ngokunye okungaphezu kwalokho Amayunithi angu-97.000 athengisiweUkwanda kungaba mkhulu nakakhulu uma kucatshangelwa umphumela oyingqayizivele wesiphepho se-DANA sika-2024 eMphakathini waseValencian, okwakhulisa ukubhaliswa konyaka odlule ngezinhlelo ezithile zokuvuselela imikhumbi.
Amamodeli kagesi athengiswa kakhulu: I-Tesla iyabusa kanti iShayina icindezela kakhulu.
Esigabeni samamodeli, I-Tesla Model 3 ihlala njenge Imoto kagesi ethengiswa kakhulu eSpainNgoFebhuwari, uthole amaphuzu angaphezu kancane kunalawo Amayunithi we-1.170Lokhu kumelela ukuphindaphindwa okukhulu kwezibalo zayo zonyaka nonyaka ngenxa yokufika kwezimoto ezintsha kanye nokuvuselelwa kwemodeli. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuvumela futhi ukuthi ihole izibalo zonyaka ngezibalo ezingaphezu kuka- 1.100 ukubhaliswa.
Ngemuva kwakhe kuvela I-Tesla Model Y, okuhlanganiswa njenge Ireferensi ye-SUV kagesi ezweni lakithi. Ukubhaliswa kwayo sekuseduze amayunithi ayi-400 ngenyangangokukhula okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, futhi kakade kudlule Amayunithi angu-800 kulo lonke uvivinyoNakuba ikhombisa ukuvela okuncane kakhulu kuneModeli 3, isalokhu ingenye yezinsika zemakethe yezimoto zikagesi eSpain.
Umdlali wesithathu omkhulu ohlwini yi- I-BYD Dolphin SurfImoto encane evela eShayina esheshe yakha indawo emakethe. Isanda kuphela Ukubhaliswa okungu-430 ngoFebhuwari nokuningi kwe- Amayunithi angu-700 kuze kube manje kulo nyakaIsizibonakalise njengenye yamamodeli athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwalabo abafuna imoto kagesi engabizi kakhulu. Ezingeni laseYurophu, iphinde ibe phakathi kwezimoto ezisebenza ngamabhethri ezisebenza kahle kakhulu esigabeni sayo.
Uhlu lwezimoto zikagesi ezinezibalo ezinhle kakhulu luhlanganisa nezinye izinhlobo zase-Asia nezaseYurophu. I-BYD Atto 3 Isola ushintsho lwezizukulwane futhi yehlise ukuthengiswa kwayo uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, kuyilapho iziphakamiso ezifana ne- IKia EV3, the I-Renault R5 kagesi noma i IDacia Intwasahlobo Zibonisa ukulungiswa kokwehla ngemva kokuqala okukhulu komjikelezo. Kodwa-ke, zihlala zisezikhundleni eziphezulu futhi zibonisa intshisekelo ku izinketho zosayizi namanani ahlukene.
Ingxenye I-premium yaseJalimane Igcina ibhalansi ethile naphezu kwengcindezi evela kumikhiqizo emisha. Mercedes EQA Ibhalisa ukukhula okumaphakathi cishe ngo-13%, okuhlanganisa isikhundla sayo njengemoto kagesi efunwa kakhulu yinkampani eSpain, kuyilapho BMW Ibeka amamodeli afana ne-iX1 noma i-iX2 engxenyeni ephezulu nephakathi yesikhundla ngezinguquko ezincane. I-Audi, yona, iyakwazi ukwenza i- I-Q4 e-tron Ivelele njengemoto kagesi ethandwa kakhulu emakethe yethu.
Ukwanda kwemikhiqizo yaseShayina kanye nendima kaStellantis
Enye yentuthuko entsha enkulu esimweni samanje ukubonakala okwandayo kwe- Izinhlobo zezimoto zikagesi zaseShayina eSpain. BYD Isizibonakalise njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili wase-Asia, hhayi nje kuphela endaweni kodwa naseYurophu. Amamodeli ayo, aholwa yi- I-Dolphin Surf Futhi izinhlobo ze-Atto kanye ne-Seal SUV ziyivumela ukuthi ikhuphuke phakathi kwabakhiqizi abanezimoto zikagesi ezithengiswa kakhulu, kuze kufike ezingeni lokubeka ngaphambi kweTesla ohlwini lwaseYurophu emhlabeni jikelele ngoJanuwari kanye nokwanda okubhalisiwe okucishe kube ngu-94% ekubhalisweni kwezimoto zamabhethri eZwekazini Elidala.
Emakethe yaseSpain, ngaphezu kwe-BYD, ezinye izinhlobo ezivela eShayina seziqala ukuthola udumo, njenge MG, Leapmotor, Dongfeng, Xpeng, Changan noma VoyahImikhiqizo efana ne-MG ikwazile ukwenza amamodeli afana ne- kagesi MG4 Bazibeka njengezindlela zokuncintisana kakhulu ngokwesilinganiso samanani/imishini, kanti abanye, njenge I-LeapmotorBafika neziphakamiso ezifana ne- B10, esevele ivele yangena ekuthengisweni kwezimoto zikagesi ezingu-20 eziphezulu.
Kuleli qembu kukhona abadlali abasha base-Asia abasebenzisa izikhala ezishiywe yimikhiqizo ethile yaseYurophu, manje sebeqaphile njengoba belinde ukwethula izimoto zabo ezilandelayo zikagesi ezikhiqizwe endaweni. IVolkswagen neRenault Kuyisibonelo: bobabili baye banciphisa ukuhlasela kwabo ngogesi ngenkathi belungiselela amamodeli atholakala kalula akhiqizwa ezitshalweni zaseSpain nezaseYurophu, okuvula ithuba kubakhiqizi baseShayina lokuqinisa ukuba khona kwabo.
Okwamanje, iqembu I-Stellantis Idlala indima ebalulekile ngokuhlanganisa amamodeli okukhiqiza endawo kanye nogesi emphakathini jikelele. IPeugeot e-2008, ehlanganiswe esitshalweni saseVigo, isibe yi- Imoto kagesi ethi "Made in Spain" ethengiswa kakhuluLokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukukhiqiza ngaphakathi kungadlala indima ebalulekile emakethe engenazo izisi ezikhipha ukungcola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iStellantis ikhuthaza ukumaketha kwalolu hlobo eSpain. I-LeapmotorLokhu kuqinisa isu labo lokumboza izingxenye ezahlukene zamanani kanye nobuchwepheshe.
Ezindaweni eziphezulu zemakethe nasezindaweni ezithile ezikhethekile, abanye abantu abasha nabo bazenza baziwe, njenge- I-Deepal S05, efika ku-Top 10 yanyanga zonke enengxenye enkulu yokuthengisa kwayo evela kumakhasimende azimele, uphawu lokuthi umphakathi usuqala ukwethemba imikhiqizo engaziwa kakhulu kodwa encintisanayo ngokwebanga, imishini kanye nentengo.
Izinhlelo zosizo, intela kanye nomthelela ekuthengisweni
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe- ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi ESpain, kuhlobene kakhulu nokuba khona kwe- izinhlelo zokukhuthaza kucacile futhi kuzinzile. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingana lapho uhlelo lwe-Moves III kanye nokuncishiswa kwentela yengeniso kusize khona ekuqiniseni imakethe, uhlelo olusha Okuzenzakalelayo+ Uthatha izintambo ngokwengeza cishe 400 million euroNgokungafani nohlelo lweMoves, lolu hlelo lugxile ekuthengweni kwemoto futhi alufaki ukufakwa kwezindawo zokushaja, ngaphezu kokulungisa amanani ngokwentengo yemoto nokuthi ngabe yenziwe eYurophu.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ze-Auto+ ukuthi imvelo yokubuyela emuvaLokhu kuvumela abathengi ababhalisa izimoto zabo ngo-2026 ukuthi bazuze ezixhasweni uma konke sekulawulwe. Lesi simemezelo sikhuthaze labo ababengabaza ukuqedela ukuthenga kwabo futhi sibhekwa njengesinye sezici ezichaza ukwanda okukhulu kokubhaliswa kwezimoto ezixhunyiwe ngoFebhuwari, kanye namazinga okukhula adlula [onyaka odlule]. 60% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2025 kwezinye izilinganiso.
Kodwa-ke, uhlaka lwezikhuthazo alunazo izingqinamba zalo. ukuhoxiswa ePhalamende yokwandiswa kwe- Ukudonswa kuka-15% enteleni yomuntu siqu Lesi sinyathelo, esiphathelene nokuthengwa kwezimoto zikagesi nezihlanganisiwe, kanye nokufakwa kwezindawo zokushaja, sihlangatshezwe ukukhathazeka yilo mkhakha. Abakhiqizi kanye nezinhlangano zezohwebo ezifana ne- I-ANFAC, I-GANVAM y i-faconauto Bagcizelela ukuthi lokhu kungazinzile komthetho kungalibazisa izinqumo zokuthenga futhi kupholise imakethe evale u-2025 ngokungaphezu kwalokho Izimoto ezifakelwe ugesi ezingama-245.000 kuthengisiwe futhi isabelo siseduze 18%.
Izinhlangano zifuna indawo yokulawula ebikezelwayoBacela ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokungabikho kwezinguquko ezisheshayo enteleni ukuze kuncishiswe umbono wengozi phakathi kwabathengi. Banxusa ukubuyiselwa ngokushesha kokuncishiswa kwentela yengeniso kanye nokwehla kwenani okusheshayo kwezinkampani ezitshala imali ezindizeni zikagesi, kanye nokuqhubeka kwezinhlelo zokusekela ingqalasizinda yokushaja kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezimoto, okuhlanganisa nokushintsha izimoto zezentengiselwano nezithuthi ezisindayo. Lezi zidingo zibonakala nasezinhlolovo eziphathelene izinqumo zokuthenga kanye nezimo zengqondo ngezimoto zikagesi.
Kusukela ohlangothini lwezikhungo, uMnyango Wezimboni Nezokuvakasha uthi i-Auto+ izohlinzeka ngokuthuthukiswa okusha kokufakwa kukagesi, kuyilapho izinhlangano zezimboni zixwayisa ngokuthi ukukhula kwamuva kwezimoto ezixhunyiwe kukhombisa izimpawu zokuthi ukuma okuthile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo, nokuthi akuhlakaniphile ukuba nethemba ngokweqile. Bathi isihluthulelo sizoba ukubona ukuthi ukumenyezelwa kosizo olusha kuzoholela yini ekuqhubekeni kokubhaliswa unyaka wonke hhayi nje ekukhuphukeni ngezikhathi ezithile.
IYurophu: Izimoto zikagesi ziyakhula naphezu kokwehla kwemakethe iyonke
Ngenkathi iSpain isheshisa ukuthuthela kwayo ezimotweni ezixhunyiwe, yonke i- I-European Union Ibhekene nomkhuba ofanayo: inani elincane lokubhalisa, kodwa inani elikhulu lezimoto zikagesi. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku- I-ACEANgoJanuwari, cishe amacala [anenombolo] abhaliswe e-EU. Izimoto zikagesi ezintsha ezingu-154.000 (ama-BEV), okuyi- ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungaphezu kwama-24% kanye nesabelo semakethe esizungezayo 19-20%, uma kuqhathaniswa cishe no-15% ngonyaka odlule.
Lokhu kuqhubekela phambili kuza lapho imakethe yezokuvakasha evamile Iwela eduze 3,5-4%, izinzipho 800.000 ukubhaliswa ngenyanga. Ukwehla kuthinta kakhulu izimoto zenjini yokushisa yangaphakathi: uphethiloli ukwehla kwerejista okungaphezu kwama-28% kanye udizili kwehle cishe ngo-22%, kanti nzalo Ziba uhlobo lwenjini oluvame kakhulu e-EU, kanti ezinye zazo zincane kakhulu. Amayunithi angu-300.000 kanye nesabelo semakethe esicishe sibe ngu-39%.
I-Los ama-plug-in hybrids Zikhula ngamandla futhi: zidlula 78.000 ukubhaliswa futhi kukhuphuke cishe nge-a 30% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. Nakuba umthamo wayo uphansi kune-BEVs, indima yayo njengobuchwepheshe obushintshayo phakathi kokushisa kanye nogesi omsulwa iyahlanganiswa, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabashayeli abadinga ukuguquguquka kohambo olude ngaphandle kokuthembela ngokuphelele engqalasizinda yokushaja.
Isimo siyahlukahluka kuye ngezwe. France kanye Germany Ukukhula kwezimoto zikagesi kuhola phambili ngokwanda kwezinombolo ezimbili—ngaphezu kuka-20% eJalimane kanye nangaphezulu kuka-50% eFrance—okubangelwa yizikhuthazo ezivuselelwe kanye nohlu olubanzi lwamamodeli endawo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, IBelgium neNetherlands Babhekene nokuphazamiseka ekubhalisweni kwe-BEV, kanye nokwehla kwamadijithi amabili, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yezinguquko ezinhlelweni zosizo kanye nokulungiswa ngemva kweminyaka yokukhula okunamandla.
Ngaphandle kwe-EU kodwa ngaphakathi kweYurophu, imaketha enezimoto zikagesi eziningi emlandweni, njenge ENorway o I-NetherlandsBabonise izinyanga ezithile zokulungiswa kokwehla, into ehunyushwa njengesigaba sokuvuthwa ngemva kweminyaka eminingana lapho izimoto zikagesi zaba ngokusobala iningi ekubhalisweni okusha.
Sekukonke, imithombo eyahlukene iyavuma ukuthi imakethe ye izimoto zikagesiKokubili eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, imakethe yezimoto zikagesi iyaqhubeka ngendlela ecacile naphezu kokuphazamiseka ngezikhathi ezithile okubangelwa izinguquko zezibonelelo, ukungezwani kwezepolitiki, noma ukushintsha kwentela. Ukuthengisa kuyanda, isabelo semakethe sezimoto ezixhunyiwe manje sidlula u-20% eSpain futhi sisondela noma sidlula u-19% e-EU, izinhlobo zendabuko ziyaphoqeleka ukusheshisa imephu yazo yendlela, kanti abakhiqizi abasha—ikakhulukazi abaseShayina—basebenzisa lesi sikhathi ukuze babonakale. Kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe eSpain. ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizindaAmanani kanye nokuzinza kwemithetho kuyizinto ezibalulekile, kodwa isimo samanje semakethe asishiyi sikhala sokungabaza ngokuthi isidingo semoto siyaphi eminyakeni ezayo.
