Ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ngokuzumayo nangemingcele, futhi ngayo, ukukhuphuka kwe izimoto zikagesi ivela njengengxenye ebalulekile yokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yomhlaba wonke. Nokho, ingqalasizinda ebaxhasayo ibaluleke ngendlela efanayo. Yilapho i- ama-electrolineras, izindawo zokushaja lapho abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi bengashaja kabusha amabhethri abo ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
Kulesi sihloko sizohlola ukuthi yiziphi iziteshi zikagesi, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, izinhlobo zomthwalo nezintengo ezihambisanayo. Ukwengeza, sizohlola umehluko phakathi kwamagalaji kaphethiloli ajwayelekile kanye neziteshi zikagesi kanye nentuthuko yakamuva yengqalasizinda yamandla.
Izici eziyinhloko zeziteshi zikagesi
Njengoba nje isiteshi sikaphethiloli esivamile sinikeza uphethiloli ezimotweni ezinenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, iziteshi zogesi ziyahlinzeka amandla kagesi ukushajwa kabusha amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi nezithuthuthu. Lezi ziteshi zokushaja zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme zezimoto, njengemigwaqo emikhulu, izinxanxathela zezitolo, nezindawo zasemadolobheni ezimatasa.
Isici esibalulekile seziteshi zikagesi ukuthi eziningi zazo ziyazisebenzisa amandla avuselelweko, njengomoya noma amandla elanga, aphinde abe nesandla ekwehliseni umthelela wemvelo. Ngaphezu kwamaphoyinti okushaja, iziteshi zikagesi zinganikeza ezinye izinsizakalo, njengezindawo zokuphumula, ezizenza zibe indawo ekahle yabahambi.
Izinhlobo zokugcwaliswa kabusha eziteshini zikagesi
Kubalulekile ukwazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zokushaja ukuze abashayeli bakwazi ukukhetha indlela efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe esikhathini esitholakalayo kanye nezidingo zemoto yabo.
- Ukuhamba kancane: Ilungele labo abangajahi ukushaja ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile, isebenzisa amandla afinyelela ku-7,4 kW, futhi kungathatha amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-8 ukuqedela ukushaja. Lolu hlobo lokushajwa luvame kakhulu ekufakweni kwasekhaya.
- Ukushaja okushesha kancane: Isebenzisa amandla aphakathi kuka-7,5 kW no-22 kW futhi ivumela ukushajwa kabusha imoto kagesi ebangeni elisuka ku-1 kuya ku-3. Lolu hlobo lomthwalo luvamile ezikhungweni ezifana nezindawo zokuthenga noma izindawo zokupaka zomphakathi.
- Ukushaja okusheshayo: Isebenzisa amandla okungenani angu-43 kW ku-alternating current futhi ingafinyelela ku-50 kW in the current ngqo. Kungenzeka ukushajwa kabusha u-80% webhethri ngaphansi kwemizuzu engama-30, ilungele uhambo olude nohambo lomgwaqo.
- Ukushaja okusheshayo: Lobu buchwepheshe, busakhula, buvumela ibhethri ukuthi ishajwe ngamandla aphakathi kuka-150 no-300 kW noma ngaphezulu. Ukuzimela kwemoto okugcwele kungalunga emizuzwini emi-5 ukuya kweyi-15 kuphela. Nokho, akuzona zonke izimoto ezisekela lolu hlobo lomthwalo.
Umehluko phakathi kwamagalaji kaphethiloli neziteshi zikagesi
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwegalaji likaphethiloli kanye nesiteshi sikagesi uhlobo lwamandla abawahlinzekayo. Ngenkathi iziteshi zikaphethiloli zihlinzeka ngezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi ezifana nophethiloli noma udizili, ama-electrostations asabalalisa amandla kagesi.
Ngaphezu kohlobo lokuhlinzekwa kukagesi, iziteshi zikagesi zijwayele ukungayingeni imvelo ngoba eziningi zithola ugesi kuwo imithombo evuselelekayo. Njengoba bengenawo amafutha angcolisayo, izimoto eziwasebenzisayo, ikakhulukazi ama-hybrid kagesi noma ama-plug-in, azikhiqizi ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 okuqondile.
Omunye umehluko oyinhloko usesikhathini esisithathayo “ukugcwalisa uphethiloli”: kuyilapho imoto kaphethiloli ingagcwalisa ithangi layo ngemizuzu embalwa nje, izimoto zikagesi zingathatha isikhathi eside kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwesiteshi sokushaja nobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe.
Amagalaji kagesi kagesi: Enye indlela esebenzayo?
I-Las amagalaji kagesi, noma ama-hybrids, avela njengenketho esebenzayo yokuthuthukisa umuzwa wokushaja. Lezi ziteshi zikaphethiloli zihlanganisa amaphampu avamile anezindawo zokushaja zikagesi, okuvumela abashayeli bezimoto zikagesi ukuthi bafinyelele eziteshini ezindaweni ezivame kakhulu noma ezikude.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaketanga amaningi eziteshi zegesi zendabuko aseqalile ukufaka izindawo zokushaja eziteshini zabo, ekhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi. Okungezwe kulokhu ukunwetshwa kwezindawo zokushaja ezindaweni ezifana nezindawo zokudlela, amahhotela noma izikhungo zokuthenga.
Intengo yokushajwa kabusha esiteshini sikagesi
Izindleko zokushaja kabusha imoto kagesi esiteshini sikagesi zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngezici ezithile ezibalulekile:
- Isivinini sokulayisha kabusha: Ukushaja ngokushesha ngokuvamile kunenani eliphezulu kunokushaja kancane ngoba kudingeka ingqalasizinda eyengeziwe.
- Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo kagesi: Kuye ngesikhathi sosuku, izindleko ze-kWh ngayinye zingashintshashintsha.
Njengamanje, e-Spain, intengo yokushajwa kabusha esiteshini sikagesi isukela phakathi kuka-€0,20 no-€0,55 nge-kWh ngayinye. Ukuze wonge ezindlekweni, ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ukwenza okuningi kokushajwa ekhaya, ukusebenzisa amashaja asekhaya ngamanani asebusuku, nokuya eziteshini zokushaja kuphela ezimweni ezithile noma uhambo olude.
Intuthuko kunethiwekhi yokushaja yomphakathi
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iSpain ibone inethiwekhi yezindawo zokushaja zomphakathi ikhula kakhulu. Emadolobheni afana ne-Madrid, i-Barcelona noma i-Valencia, sekujwayelekile kakade ukuthola iziteshi zokushaja kokubili emigwaqweni yomphakathi nasezikhungweni ezizimele ezihlanganise lawa maphuzu njengengxenye yezinsizakalo zabo ezijwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulatifomu afana ne-Electromaps avumela abashayeli ukuthi bathole iziteshi zokushaja eziseduze, baphathe izinkokhelo futhi bazi ukutholakala kwazo ngesikhathi sangempela. Lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zenza ukuhlela uhambo kube lula futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi abashayeli bangathola indawo yokushaja eseduze uma beyidinga.
Ukuhamba kukagesi kufeza uguquko kwezokuthutha, futhi iziteshi zikagesi ziyingxenye ebalulekile kulolu shintsho. Njengoba inethiwekhi yokushaja ikhula futhi nobuchwepheshe buthuthuka, izimoto zikagesi zizoba enye indlela esebenza kangcono kubashayeli emhlabeni jikelele.