Amandla elanga, omunye wabalingiswa abakhulu ngaphakathi kwe umkhakha wamandla avuselelekayo, iye yabonisa eminyakeni yamuva amandla ayo amakhulu okuhlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene. Nokho, eSpain, i- Amandla elanga ashisayo Ayibanga nentuthuko elindelekile. Ukukhubazeka komkhakha wezindlu nezindlu kubambezele ukuqaliswa okukhulu kwalezi zinhlelo, ngokusho kwe Uhlelo lukahulumeni luka-2005-2010, kufanele ngabe ifinyelele ku-5 million square metres wamaphaneli elanga. Ukwengeza, ukufakwa ku- Ikhodi Yokwakha Yezobuchwepheshe (CTE) kusukela ngo-2006, okudinga ukufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga ezindlini ezintsha noma ezivuselelwe, akuzange kukhiqize umthelela olindelekile noma ngenxa yokwehla kokwakhiwa eminyakeni yamuva.
Imvelo eyisibopho ye-CTE nomthelela wayo olinganiselwe
El CTE kudinga ukuthi phakathi kuka-30 no-70% wokusetshenziswa kwe amanzi ashisayo asekhaya amakhaya amasha kanye nezakhiwo ezivuselelwe zimbozwe ngamandla elanga. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokwakhiwa okusha, lesi sinyathelo sifakazele ukuthi asisebenzi ekusetshenzisweni kobuningi.
Nokho, omasipala abangaphezu kuka-50 eSpain sebesebenzise eyabo imithetho, edinga ukuba kusetshenziswe izakhiwo ezintsha amaphaneli elanga, okuvula umnyango wamathuba amasha. Lolu hlaka lokulawula lukhuthaze nezinkampani e Amandla elanga ashisayo, ngokusekelwa ngu I-IDAE (Institute for Energy Diversification and Saving), baqondise kabusha amasu abo kuma-niches angakahlolisiswa. Kulo mongo, izibhedlela, amakhaya asebekhulile kanye nezindawo zezitolo zethulwa njenge amakhasimende anakho ukuze kufakwe ama-solar panel, kokubili amanzi ashisayo nogesi.
Izinzuzo zama-solar panel ezibhedlela
Ukufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga ezibhedlela kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Lezi zikhungo zisebenzisa isamba esikhulu semithombo yamandla ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuqhubekayo amahora angama-24 ngosuku. Ngakho-ke ukuqaliswa kwe amandla elanga ingamela intuthuko enkulu ku ukusimama kanye nokunciphisa izindleko.
- Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamanzi ashisayo: Ngokusho kwe-IDAE, amandla ashisayo elanga angafinyelela ku-80% wezidingo zamanzi ashisayo zasesibhedlela, okusho ukonga okukhulu.
- Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi: Ukwengeza, kuze kufike ku-60% wamandla asetshenziselwa isimo somoya ezibhedlela anganikezwa ngamaphaneli elanga, inzuzo eyinhloko yesakhiwo esisebenza 24/7.
Lokhu akusho nje ukwehliswa kwezindleko zokusebenza, kodwa futhi kubeka isibhedlela njenge-a isikhungo esizibophezele ekusimameni, ukuthuthukisa isithombe sayo senkampani phambi kweziguli kanye nomphakathi uwonke.
Izimali kanye nosizo luyatholakala
Esinye sezithiyo eziyinhloko zokwamukelwa ngobuningi bezinhlelo zelanga kube yizindleko zokuqala. Nokho, zikhona usizo kanye noxhaso lokho kungamboza kufika ku-40% we-investimenti, ehlinzekwa yizo zombili IDEA njengemiphakathi ezimele. Lezi zibonelelo, ezingase zihluke ngokwezifundazwe, ziyaqoqwa, zenza kube lula ukushintshela kumandla elanga ezibhedlela.
Kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi, ngaphezu kosizo lwezezimali, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezobuchwepheshe belanga ezibhedlela kungancishiswa eminyakeni embalwa ngenxa ukonga okukhulu ezindlekweni zamandla, okwenza lezi zinhlelo zibe yisixazululo sesikhathi eside esingabizi kakhulu.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga ezibhedlela
Ngaphezu kwamanzi ashisayo nogesi, i ukupholisa amandla elanga Kungesinye isicelo okungenzeka ezibhedlela. Lobu buchwepheshe obusafufusa busivumela ukuthi sinciphise ukuncika kumasistimu omoya wendabuko, okubuye kube negalelo ekunciphiseni uphawu lwekhabhoni zalezi zinsiza.
Ngalo mqondo, amandla elanga ahlanganiswa hhayi nje njengendlela esebenzayo yokushisisa noma ukukhiqiza ugesi, kodwa futhi njengethuluzi elibalulekile ukupholisa okusimeme. Ukukhuthazwa kwalobu buchwepheshe kubalulekile ukuze siqhubekele kumodeli yamandla ahlanzekile futhi asebenza kahle kakhudlwana.
Ukufakwa kwama-solar panel ezibhedlela, ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zezomnotho zesikhathi eside, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekunciphiseni Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga esibhedlela esikhulu kungagwema ukukhishwa kwamathani angu-1,000 2 e-COXNUMX ngonyaka, okulingana nokutshala amakhulu ezihlahla ngonyaka.
Amaphaneli elanga ezibhedlela awanikezi kuphela ukusimama kwamandla, kodwa futhi unikeze izinzuzo zezomnotho nezemvelo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalobu buchwepheshe nezinye izixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zamandla, njengokuphathwa kwamandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa, kuvumela izibhedlela emhlabeni wonke ukuthi ziqhubeke nokuqhubekela phambili ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla kanye nokuhlonipha imvelo.