E-Spain, amandla omoya azenzele wona njengesilinganiso phakathi kwezinsiza ezivuselelekayo. Isimo sezulu kanye nesimo sezulu sezwe kunikeza izimo ezifanele zokukhiqiza ugesi ngokusebenzisa imishini yomoya. Eqinisweni, lo mthombo umelela okungaphezu kwalokho 20% yesidingo samandla esiphelele. Kodwa-ke, ukwamukelwa kwayo ezindlini kuhlala kulinganiselwe, uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithombo efana ne-solar thermal kanye ne-photovoltaic energy.
Kulesi sihloko, sichaza ngokuningiliziwe konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana ukuzisebenzisela amandla omoya ekhaya.
Sebenzisa amandla omoya ukuze uzisebenzisele wena
Nakuba ukuqaliswa kwamandla omoya ezindlini kungakavamile, kungenzeka ngokuphelele. Ukwenza lokhu, kusetshenziswa izinjini zomoya ezincane noma ama-accumulators akhiqiza ugesi ngokusebenzisa umoya ngezinsuku ezinomoya. Noma kunjalo, amandla awakwazi ukugcinwa ngqo, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa ngokushesha noma igcinwe kusetshenziswa amabhethri uma ekhona.
Inselele eqhubekayo emandleni omoya omncane ukuthi amandla atholakala kuphela ngenkathi i-accumulator isebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kunomoya, singakwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi, kodwa asikwazi ukuwonga izinsuku ngomoya omncane. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukufakwa komoya wasekhaya kungase kudinge ukwengezwa neminye imithombo yamandla, njengelanga, ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthombo wamandla njalo.
Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo enomthombo omuhle womoya ukuze ufake i-turbine. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo into yomsindo, njengoba izinjini zomoya zingadala ukungakhululeki kulabo abahlala eduze. Kunconywa ukubeka i-turbine ebangeni elithile ukusuka ezindaweni ezihlala abantu ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka okungenzeka kwe-acoustic kanye nendawo.
Ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu noma zasemakhaya, lezi zinhlobo zamajeneretha zingazuzisa kakhulu. Ezindaweni lapho ukufinyelela kugridi kagesi kunzima noma ukucisha kukagesi kuvame, amandla omoya anikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo nesiqhubekayo.
Amandla omoya ekhaya
Izixazululo zamandla omoya ezindlini ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izinjini zomoya ezincane ezikwazi ukuphehla phakathi kwazo 100 kanye no-500 kilowatts (kW). Lawa ma-turbine asebenza ngendlela efanayo namaphaneli elanga, athatha amandla avela emoyeni esikhundleni sokukhanya kwelanga. Ngezikhathi zomoya onamandla, lolu hlelo lungakwazi ukunikeza wonke amandla adingekayo ekhaya.
Nakuba lezi zixazululo zivame kakhulu kwezinye izingxenye ze-Europe, e-Spain kuseyivelakancane ukuthola ukufakwa kwamandla omoya omncane. Ngokusho kwe-World Wind Association, cishe kuphela I-7 MW ngokufakwa okungaba ngu-10.000 ezweni lonke. Eziningi zalezi zikhungo zisezindaweni zasemakhaya noma ezikude, njengamapulazi noma amakotishi, ezinye ngaphandle kokulawulwa okwanele.
Lawa ma turbines ngokuvamile anamandla aphakathi kuka-3 no-5 kW, futhi angaxhunywa kugridi ukuze kwabelwane ngokukhiqiza ngokweqile nabanye abasebenzisi. Okunye ukufakwa kuyingxube, ehambisana nomoya onamaphaneli elanga, okuvumela ugesi ukuthi ukhiqizwe ezimweni zezulu ezahlukahlukene.
Izici ezikhawulela amandla omoya ezindaweni zokuhlala
Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezinikezayo, ukuqaliswa kwamandla omoya ezindaweni zokuhlala kuhlala kunqunyelwe izici ezimbalwa. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu yi- izindleko zokufaka eziphezulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukufaka i-wind turbine ukuze uzisebenzisele ngokwakho kungabiza phakathi Ama-6.000 kanye nama-10.000 euros, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu okungenziwanga ngaphandle uma kudingekile ngempela noma kudingwa ngokomthetho.
Ukwengeza, ochwepheshe abaningi baveza ukuthi akwanele okwenziwe ukulungisa ubuchwepheshe bomoya emakethe yokuhlala. Nakuba amaphaneli elanga ebone ukwehliswa okukhulu kwezindleko, ama-mini wind turbine awazange alandele inkambiso efanayo, ewabeka kusimo esingesihle.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuthi, ngokungafani namaphaneli elanga, izinjini zomoya zingadala umsindo. Lo msindo ungacasula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni lapho kudingeka khona ukusebenza okungcono ukuze kuthethelelwe ukusetshenziswa kwawo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinselele zobuchwepheshe, njengokuntuleka kwamabhukwana anele okufakwa kahle kwalawa ma-turbines, kubangele amaphrojekthi amaningi ukuba abe nemiphumela engasebenzi, noma ngenxa yokufakwa okungalungile noma ukukhetha izindawo lapho isisetshenziswa somoya singasetshenziswa ngokwanele.
Izinyathelo ezintsha: ama-compact turbines
Njengenye indlela yokunqoba ezinye zezinkinga ezivamile, inkampani yaseDutch isungule uhlobo olusha lwe-compact turbine eklanyelwe ngqo izindawo zokuhlala. Lawa ma turbines, aziwa ngokuthi Ama-Flower Turbines, babe ne-eksisi eqondile ebavumela ukuba babambe umoya ezimweni zejubane eliphansi (cishe 4 m / s), nokuphakama okungaphansi kwamamitha amahlanu kanye nokumelana nomoya ofinyelela ku-200 km / h.
Enye yezinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko umthelela wayo ophansi we-acoustic kanye nomklamo wayo ovumelana nezinyoni, njengoba i-eksisi eqondile ivumela izinyoni ukuthi zibone kangcono ukuba khona kwayo, zigweme ukungqubuzana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwazo ophahleni noma emasimini kubenza bafanelekele izindawo zasemadolobheni.
Baphinde banikeze ithuba lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle a 50% uma zibekwe kuhlelo lohlobo lwe-'bouquet', oluthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ezindaweni ezinamaturbine amaningana.
Ukwengeza, lawa ma-turbines angahlanganiswa nama-solar panel, enze uhlelo lwe-hybrid olukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo, inketho ekahle yophahla lwezakhiwo ezinendawo elinganiselwe.
Izici okufanele zicatshangelwe ngaphambi kokufaka i-wind turbine ekhaya
Kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uhlela ukufakwa kwenjini yomoya yasekhaya. Phakathi kokubaluleke kakhulu indawo, isivinini somoya, imithetho yendawo kanye nemithetho yemvelo.
- Indawo: Amaturbine kufanele abe sendaweni ezingenazo izithiyo eziseduze ezidala isiyaluyalu, njengezakhiwo noma izihlahla ezinde. I-turbine kufanele ibekwe okungenani izikhathi eziyi-10 ukusuka kunoma yisiphi isithiyo kunobude bayo.
- Isivinini somoya: Ukuze i-turbine isebenze kahle, isivinini somoya esimaphakathi endaweni kumele okungenani sibe ngu-5 m/s. Izindawo ezisogwini noma ezivulekile ngokuvamile zinikeza izimo ezingcono.
- Imithetho yendawo: Ezindaweni eziningi, kuyadingeka ukufaka isicelo sezimvume zendawo zokufakwa kwe-wind turbine. Ubude obungenzeka kanye nemikhawulo yomsindo ingahluka kuye ngemithetho kamasipala.
- Isondlo Nakuba ama-turbines esimanje edinga ukulungiswa okuncane kunangaphambili, kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo futhi uhlole isimo sezingxenye ezihambayo.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukuhlola indawo enemininingwane kanye nephrofeshinali ngaphambi kokufaka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kumshini ophehla umoya omncane kuyasebenza futhi kunenzuzo esikhathini eside.
Kafushane, amandla omoya ayindlela esebenzayo yokusebenzisa amandla ngokwakho ezindaweni ezithile. Nakuba kungenazinselele, ukuhlanganiswa kwayo neminye imithombo evuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga, kusivumela ukuba sinciphise ukuncika kugridi kagesi futhi sithole ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo kwamandla aluhlaza. Ngokusungulwa kwama turbine ahlangene kanye nenqubekela phambili kubuchwepheshe obuxubile, amandla omoya okusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlala ayaqhubeka nokuba yinketho ethakazelayo.