I-Los amapulazi omoya Bayiqembu lezinjini zomoya lokho shintsha amandla omoya abe ngamandla kagesi. Lawa mapaki angatholakala kokubili emhlabeni nasolwandle, anezinzuzo nezinselele ezahlukene zohlobo ngalunye. Ezinkulu emhlabeni zisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-United States, i-China, i-United Kingdom kanye ne-India, okuphawula inkambiso yomhlaba wonke eya kumandla ahlanzekile navuselelekayo.
Okwamanje, Amapulazi angu-8 kwangu-10 amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni atholakala e-United States, ezinhlanu zazo zitholakala eTexas. Kodwa-ke, umthamo ofakiwe wamapaki emazweni afana neChina noma i-India ukhula ngokushesha, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi eziningi zalezi zikhungo zizoba ezinkulu futhi ezinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni eminyakeni ezayo. Ngaphakathi kwe I-TOP 10 kunepulazi elilodwa kuphela elinomoya ogwini lolwandle, okubonisa ukubekezelela okusalungiswa amapaki omhlaba ngokwamandla afakiwe. Ngezansi, sikubonisa ukuhlukaniswa kwamapulazi omoya amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni ngokuya ngomthamo wawo ofakiwe kanye nenye idatha efanele.
1. Isikhungo Sikagesi Se-Alta:
El Isikhungo se-Alta Wind Energy (AWEC, Alta Wind Energy Center), etholakala Tehachapi, Kern County, California, United States, okwamanje ipulazi lomoya elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, namandla okusebenza we I-1.548 MW.
Leli paki linwetshwe ngezigaba eziningana, ekuqaleni libe nezinjini zomoya ezingama-600, kodwa kulindeleke ukuthi liqhubeke nokukhula lize lifinyelele emandleni okugcina angu-1.550 MW. I-Terra-Gen Power yinkampani ephethe ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenza kwayo, esebenza ikakhulukazi ngezinjini zomoya ezivela kwaGeneral Electric kanye neVestas, izinhlobo ezimbili ezihamba phambili ekukhiqizeni amandla omoya.
2. Abelusi Flat Wind Ipulazi:
Itholakala eduze kwe-Arlington, empumalanga ye-Oregon, e-United States, i- Abelusi Flat Wind Farm Ingeyesibili ngobukhulu ipulazi lomoya emhlabeni elinomthamo ofakiwe we I-845 MW.
Le phrojekthi yasungulwa ngabakwa I-Caithness Energy futhi ihlanganisa ngaphezu kuka-70 km² ezifundeni zaseGilliam naseMorrow. Ngenkathi iqala ukusebenza ngo-2012, yazisungula njengomunye wamaphrojekthi amakhulu emhlabeni, ihlinzeka ngezidingo zamandla ezindlini ezingaphezu kuka-235.000 eCalifornia. Amaturbine asetshenziswa kuleli paki iningi lawo aphuma kwaGeneral Electric, namandla okuzisholo angu-2,5 MW iyunithi ngayinye.
3. IRoscoe Wind Farm:
Ipulazi lomoya lesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni IRoscoe Wind Farm, etholakala eduze kwase-Abilene, eTexas, e-United States, efakwe umthamo we- I-781,5 MW.
Okwenza leli paki lihluke ukwakhiwa kwalo ngezigaba ezine, elaqedwa ngo-2009, elihlanganisa indawo engaba ngu-400 km² wepulazi. Inombolo yezinjini zomoya ezifakiwe, isamba esingu-627 ehlukaniswe ngamamitha angama-270 ukusuka komunye nomunye, ibavumela ukuthi banikeze amandla amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamakhaya. Ama-turbines asetshenzisiwe afaka amayunithi asuka kwaMitsubishi, Siemens kanye neGeneral Electric, anamandla asukela ku-1 MW ukuya ku-2,3 MW.
Isikhungo Sikagesi Samahhashi Esingenalutho:
El Horse Hollow Wind Energy Centre, futhi etholakala eTexas, phakathi kwezifunda zikaTaylor kanye neNolan, inomthamo ofakiwe we I-735,5 MW, okuyenza ibe iphrojekthi yesine ngobukhulu yomoya osogwini emhlabeni.
Yakhiwe ngezigaba eziningana phakathi kuka-2005 no-2006, ipaki isetshenziswa onjiniyela abavela. I-NextEra Energy Resources futhi inamaturbine omoya angu-421 amandla ahlukene. Ama-turbines anobude obudlula amamitha angama-79 futhi anikeza amandla ezindlini ezingaphezu kuka-180.000.
5. ICapricorn Ridge Wind Farm:
El I-Capricorn Ridge Wind Farm itholakala phakathi kwezifunda zaseSterling naseCoke, eTexas, e-United States, futhi inamandla afakiwe I-662,5 MW. Le paki yaqala ngo-2007 futhi yaqedwa ngo-2008 342 GE 1,5 MW izinjini zomoya y 65 Siemens 2,3 MW izinjini zomoya, engalinganisa ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-79 ukuphakama.
Ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwamandla kwanele ukuhlinzeka ngezindlu ezingaphezu kuka-220.000, okuyenza ibe enye yamapulazi omoya asebenza kahle kakhulu esifundazweni saseTexas.
6. ILondon Array Offshore Wind Farm:
Itholakala eThames Estuary, ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-20 ukusuka ogwini lwase-Kent nase-Essex, London Array Offshore Wind Farm Kuyipulazi lomoya elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elinomthamo ofakiwe we I-630 MW. Le phrojekthi yathuthukiswa onjiniyela abavela e-Dong Energy, E.ON naseMasdar, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi esigabeni sayo sesibili ingafinyelela umthamo we-870 MW.
7. Ipulazi Lomoya laseFantanele-Cogealac:
El IFulanele-Cogealac Wind Farm Itholakala esifundazweni saseDobruja, eRomania. Ngomthamo ofakiwe we I-600 MW, ipulazi elikhulu lomoya ogwini lolwandle eYurophu.
Izakhiwo zepaki zenziwe ngama-turbines omoya angu-240 iGeneral Electric, ngayinye inamandla angu-2,5 MW. Leli paki lihlanganisa izidingo zamandla zezindlu zaseRomania eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ambalwa futhi limele cishe u-10% wokukhiqizwa kwamandla aluhlaza kuleli zwe.
8. IFowler Ridge Wind Farm:
El I-Fowler Ridge Wind Farm itholakala eBenton County, Indiana, United States. Ngomthamo we I-599,8 MW, iyipulazi lesishiyagalombili ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
Ihlukaniswe yaba izigaba ezimbili, i-Fowler Ridge inamaturbine avela kumikhiqizo ehlukahlukene efana ne-Vestas ne-GE, ehlanganisa amahektha angaphezu kuka-20.000. Leli paki kulindeleke ukuthi linikeze amandla ezindlini ezingaphezu kuka-200.000 esifundeni.
9. I-Sweetwater Wind Farm:
El I-Sweetwater Wind Farm, futhi etholakala eTexas, inomthamo ofakiwe we I-585,3 MW. Lo msebenzi wakhiwe ngezigaba ezinhlanu kusukela ngo-2003 kuya ku-2007, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinjini zomoya.
Ngenhlanganisela yama-turbines avela kwa-GE, Mitsubishi kanye ne-Siemens, leli paki lingesinye isibonelo somthamo omkhulu wokusebenzisa amandla isifunda saseTexas esinawo.
10. IBuffalo Gap Wind Farm:
El I-Buffalo Gap Park, eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Abilene, eTexas, ivala izinga lamapulazi omoya ayi-10 amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni anamandla afakiwe I-523,3 MW. Leli paki lakhiwa izigaba ezintathu, kusukela ngo-2006, futhi linama-turbines angu-296 esewonke.
Isigaba sokuqala sasebenzisa izinjini zomoya ze-Vestas, kuyilapho izigaba zokugcina zahlanganisa izinjini zomoya ze-GE ne-Siemens, zizihlanganisa njengophawu lokukhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile eningizimu ye-United States.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamapulazi omoya emhlabeni jikelele kuyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngesivinini esikhulu, njengoba amaphrojekthi aseShayina, eNdiya naseYurophu abekela inselelo lawo asevele esunguliwe. Njengoba intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinhlelo eziluhlaza zidingeka kakhulu ukulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, amapulazi omoya azibonakalisa njengesinye sezixazululo zamandla esikhathini esizayo.