Imoto eyingxube iwuhlobo lwemoto ehlanganisa izinjini ezimbili: injini eyodwa evuthayo yangaphakathi, ngokuvamile esebenzisa uphethiloli, nenye injini kagesi esebenza ngebhethri elinamandla amakhulu. Le nhlanganisela ikuvumela ukuthi uthole okungcono kakhulu kuwo womabili umhlaba: ukusebenza kahle kwenjini kagesi namandla enjini yomlilo.
Kodwa-ke, le nhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe ingase futhi idale izinkinga ezithile, njengokuphuka kokubili kwenjini yokushisa nesistimu kagesi. Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi eziyinhloko izinkinga zemoto eyi-hybrid nokuthi zingaxazululwa kanjani.
Ukuduma kwezimoto ezixubile
Izimoto ezingamaHybrid zithole ukuduma njengoba abashayeli befuna izixazululo eziluhlaza nezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Futhi akumangazi: izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi kanye nokunciphisa okukhulu kokukhishwa kwegesi engcolisayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kokudayiswa kuveze nezinkinga ezithile zobuchwepheshe ezithinta lolu hlobo lwezimoto.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezivuthayo ezivamile, ama-hybrids adinga ukunakekelwa okuncane, ngenxa yengxenye yezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo emotweni kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini yokushisa yama-hybrids ngokuvamile ithembekile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuwohloka okuningi okutholwa yizimoto ezihlanganisiwe kuhlobene nohlelo lwazo lukagesi.
E-Europe, isidingo sezimoto ezingama-hybrid sikhule kakhulu, njengoba senyuke ngo-7,5% phakathi kuka-2020 no-2021. Lolu hlobo lwezimoto lunikeza ukonga izindleko zokunakekela ezifika ku-80% eminyakeni eyishumi uma kuqhathaniswa nemoto kadizili. Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, zingonga kuze kufike ku-90% ekunakekeleni uma kuqhathaniswa nemoto evamile yangaphakathi evuthayo.
Yikuphi ukuwohloka okujwayelekile okutholwa izimoto ezihlanganisiwe?
Nakuba izimoto ezihlanganisiwe zaziwa ngokuhlala isikhathi eside nokusebenza kahle kwazo, azikhululwa ekuhlulekeni. Ngezansi, sikubonisa i- amaphutha avamile ukuthi izimoto ezingama-hybrid zingahlangabezana nazo.
Isixhumi sesevisi
Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezimotweni ezixubile ukuthi, ngesikhathi sokushajwa kabusha, isixhumi singafinyelela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kungabangela ukuba ingxenye ethile iphuke futhi ishise, kuvimbele imoto ukuthi ingashaji ngendlela efanele.
Ukuze ugweme ezinye izinkinga, kungakuhle ukuthi ubuyekeze futhi, uma kunesidingo, buyisela isixhumi phakathi nokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngale ndlela, ukuwohloka okwengeziwe kungagwenywa futhi ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kungaqinisekiswa.
Izinkinga ngezintambo zikagesi
I-wiring ingenye ingxenye engahluleka, ikakhulukazi uma imoto idlula amakhilomitha angu-60.000 XNUMX. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokushajwa kwemoto angabangela ukuthi i-insulation yezintambo iguge futhi ishise, okungase kubangele ukujikeleza okufushane.
Ukubona lezi zinkinga kusenesikhathi kubalulekile, njengoba iphutha lezintambo lingalimaza ibhethri, okungasho ukushintshwa kwalo lonke uhlelo lukagesi. Lolu hlobo lokuphahlazeka luyabiza, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyisa imoto kuchwepheshe ngokushesha nje lapho kutholakala amaphutha.
Iphutha ku-gearbox ohambisana ne-inverter
Lokhu kungenye yezinto ezesabekayo kakhulu, ngoba i-inverter iyingxenye ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezimoto ezihlanganisiwe. Le ngxenye yenza umsebenzi we guqula amandla agcinwe ebhethrini abe amandla asebenzisekayo yemoto kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-gearbox uhambisana nazo zombili i-inverter kanye ne-alternator kanye ne-starter motor.
Uma enye yalezi zingxenye ihluleka, izoba nomthelela oqondile ekusebenzeni kwemoto. Nakuba lokhu kubhidlika kungavamile kakhulu, ukulungiswa kwayo kuyabiza.
Ibhethri lamandla aphezulu: ingxenye ebalulekile
La high voltage battery Ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile emotweni eyi-hybrid. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, leli bhethri lingehlisa izinga, okuholela ekwehliseni umthamo wokushaja kanye nokwenza kahle kwemoto kube kubi. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobo zezinkinga ziqala ukuvela ngemva kokufinyelela amakhilomitha angu-200.000.
Uma ibhethri ilimele ngendlela engenakulungiseka, izodinga ukushintshwa, okungabiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, njengoba lingaphazamisa ibhethri.
Gqoka amabhuleki kanye nezinto zokudonsa ama-shock
Ngenxa yesisindo esengeziwe sesistimu kagesi, izimoto eziyi-hybrid ngokuvamile zine ukwanda kokuguga kumabhuleki nokumiswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokuhlanganisa izinjini ezimbili, izimoto eziyi-hybrid zinesisindo esingaphezu kwezimoto ezivamile.
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinkulu, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile uhlelo lokubhuleka nokumiswa, njengoba ukugqoka kungashesha uma kuqhathaniswa nemoto evuthayo yangaphakathi. Yena i-regenerative braking Iphinde ibe nomthelela ekushajweni kwebhethri, ngakho-ke isimo sayo esifanele sibalulekile ekusebenzeni jikelele kwemoto.
Amathiphu okuvimbela ukuwohloka kwezimoto eziyingxubevange
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezimotweni eziyi-hybrid, kubalulekile ukulandela imikhuba emihle yokunakekela:
- Izibuyekezo ngezikhathi ezithile: Ukulandela imanuwali yemiyalelo yomkhiqizi kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi konke ukuhlola kwenziwa ngesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ebhethrini.
- Ukuhlola isistimu yokupholisa: Njengoba ukushisa ngokweqile kungenye yezinkinga eziyinhloko kuma-hybrids, kuhle ukuhlola uhlelo lokupholisa njalo.
- Gcina irediyetha ihlanzekile: Ukugwema ukunqwabelana kokungcola phakathi kwe-radiator kanye ne-condenser yamanzi kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Ukunakekelwa kokuvikela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto yakho ihlala isesimweni esihle kakhulu. Lokhu akugcini nje ukwandisa impilo yemoto, kodwa futhi kuvimbela ukuphahlazeka okubiza kakhulu.
Ukuqasha izimoto ezihlanganisiwe: inketho ehlakaniphile
El ukuqashwa kwemoto eyi-hybrid Kungenye inketho ekhangayo kakhulu kulabo abafuna isisombululo sokuhamba semvelo kanye nezomnotho. Enye yezinzuzo zalolu khetho ukuthi ukulungiswa kwemoto kufakwe enkokhelweni yanyanga zonke, okususa ukukhathazeka kokulungiswa okungalindelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqashwa kuhlanganisa nezinye izindleko ezinjengomshwalense, ukubhaliswa kanye ne-ITV, emele ukonga okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthenga imoto eyingxubevange. Ekupheleni kwenkontileka, ungakhetha ukushintsha imoto noma ukuyithola unomphela.
Ukushayela imoto eyingxube kunezinzuzo eziningi ephaketheni lakho nakwezemvelo. Uma unquma ukusebenzisa eyodwa, njalo hlola izingxenye zayo ezibalulekile njengebhethri, izintambo, ne-inverter ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezingaholela ekulungiseni okubizayo. Ukunakekelwa okuhle kokuvikela kuyisihluthulelo sokujabulela zonke izinzuzo ezinikezwa yilolu hlobo lwemoto.