Izitini ezibamba i-CO2: isixazululo sokwakhiwa okuluhlaza

En Japan Kwakhiwe isitini esisha esingagcini nje ngokudlula ukhonkolo ngamandla, kodwa futhi esinomthelela ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokubamba i-carbon dioxide (CO2). Lezi zitini zikhonjiswe ukuthi zinokudonsa okukhulu kunokhonkolo, okuzenza zilungele ukwakha ngokushesha amakhaya ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Ukwenziwa kwezitini ezithwebula i-CO2

Inqubo yokukhiqiza lezi zitini ilula kakhulu, okwenza kube inketho ekhangayo kokubili kwemvelo nangokwezomnotho. Ingxenye eyinhloko isihlabathi esine-silicon ephezulu, esifakwa ezibunjeni ezingangeni moya. Lokhu okubalulekile kuyajovwa CO2 ngokusebenzisa amaphampu akhethekile. Kamuva, iyengezwa i-epoxy, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izitini zihlanganiswe kahle futhi ukumelana kwazo kukhulu kakhulu kunokhonkolo ovamile.

Lezi zitini ziyisixazululo sokwakha esimeme futhi zenzelwe ukuhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-50, okuzenza zibe enye indlela enhle kunokhonkolo wendabuko. Ngenxa yenqubo yazo yokukhiqiza, lezi zitini zisebenza njengamasinki e-CO2, okusho ukuthi, ngaphezu kokumelana, zisiza ukunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Izinzuzo ze-CO2 bamba izitini phezu kokhonkolo

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zalezi zitini uma ziqhathaniswa nokhonkolo wendabuko ukuthi ziyi- 250% ukumelana okwengeziwe. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukukhetha kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo, kusukela ezindlini kuya ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano nezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kubhekwa ukuklama kwazo nezinto zokwakha, zingasetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi wokwakha imvelo, ngokuhambisana nemigomo izakhiwo eziqhubekayo.

Izitini ezithatha i-CO2 nazo zilula kakhulu kunamabhulokhi okhonkolo avamile, okwenza kube lula ukuthutha nokuhlanganisa, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko ezihambisana nezinto zokuhamba. Lokhu kuyinzuzo ebalulekile ezimweni eziphuthumayo, njengoba kuvumela amakhaya noma ezinye izakhiwo ukuthi zakhiwe ngokushesha ngomthelela oncishisiwe wemvelo.

Into esebenza njenge-carbon sink

Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ukuthi, uma usebenzisa isikhutha Njengengxenye yenqubo yokukhiqiza, lezi zitini zisiza ukunciphisa amazinga e-CO2 emkhathini. I-CO2, okungenye yamagesi ayinhloko abhekene nawo ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ijovelwa ngqo ezitini, izibambele esakhiweni sazo phakathi nomjikelezo wabo wokuphila. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa, izitini zizoqhubeka nokusebenza njengokucwila kwekhabhoni, kusize ekwehliseni imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithuba lokushintsha ukhonkolo wendabuko ngalezi zitini ezakhiweni linganciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imboni yezokwakha inesibopho cishe 8% wezinto ezikhishwayo emhlabeni jikelele amagesi abamba ukushisa, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kukasimende. Ngokubheja ezintweni ezifana nezitini zokuthwebula ze-CO2, imboni ingaba negalelo elikhulu ku ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali.

Izicelo kanye nokusetshenziswa ekwakheni

Izitini ezibamba i-CO2 zingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo. Banikeza ukuguquguquka okubenza bafaneleke kokubili ukwakhiwa kwezindlu kanye nezakhiwo zezentengiselwano noma zezimboni. Ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivame ukuba nezinhlekelele zemvelo noma izimo eziphuthumayo, njengokuzamazama komhlaba noma izikhukhula, lapho kudingeka khona izinto eziqinile nezimelana nezingahlanganiswa ngokushesha.

E-Japan, izifundo nezivivinyo sezivele zenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kwalezi zitini ezakhiweni zesikhathi eside. Nakuba isilinganiso sabo sokuphila silinganiselwa eminyakeni engama-50, olunye ucwaningo luye lwaphakamisa ukuthi amandla abo esakhiwo angaqinisekisa ukuthi ahlala esesimweni esikahle amashumi ambalwa eminyaka engeziwe, inqobo nje uma egcinwa esesimweni esifanele.

Amasu amasha ezinto zokwakha

Ukusetshenziswa kwezitini zokubamba i-CO2 kuyingxenye yomnyakazo okhulayo womhlaba wonke oya kuwo izakhiwo zemvelo nezisimeme. Izinkampani emhlabeni jikelele zakha izindlela ezintsha ezifana nezitini i-calcium carbonate noma amabhlogo we i-biomass, engagcini nje ngokuthungatha i-CO2 ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi ukuyigcina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inqubo eseye yathatha isithakazelo sabatshalizimali abakhulu njengoBill Gates.

Okunye okugqamayo kwezitini ezinjalo yikhono lazo lokubamba CO2 ngamavolumu amakhulu. Lezi zitini zikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinto ezigaywe kabusha futhi zifaka izinqubo zokujova i-CO2, ezingaphumeleli nje kuphela isitini esivumelana nemvelo, kodwa futhi esinamandla kunokhonkolo wendabuko. Ukwengeza, lezi zitini azigcini nje ngokuthatha i-CO2 phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, kodwa ziyaqhubeka zenza kanjalo ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni.

Ngokwesibonelo, eCanada kwakhiwa izitini ukhonkolo ongenasimende abasebenzisa imikhiqizo evela embonini ye-metallurgical kanye ne-CO2 ukuze bakhe amabhulokhi amelana kakhulu kunawavamile. Ukuthandwa kwayo kukhule ezifundeni lapho ukusimama kuba yinkinga ebalulekile emkhakheni wezokwakha. Le ntuthuko ekwakhiweni kwengxube, engezwe kumasu okucubungula usimende okusheshayo, isiza ukusheshisa inguquko eya ekwakhiweni okuluhlaza futhi okunomthwalo wemfanelo.

Umthelela ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu

Njengoba umhlaba ubhekene nemiphumela edabukisayo yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kubaluleka kakhulu ukuhlola izixazululo zokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yezimboni ezingcolisa kakhulu, njengokwakha. Izitini ezithwebula i-CO2 ziyisibonelo esicacile sendlela izinto zokwakha ezingashintshwa ngayo ukuze kungagcini nje ukunciphisa ukulimala kwemvelo, kodwa ngisho nokuhlehlisa ingxenye yomphumela oyingozi esiwubangele emhlabeni.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zitini nezinye izixazululo ezifanayo kuqinisa isidingo sokwamukela izinqubomgomo zomhlaba wonke ezikhuthaza ubuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo. Ngokusekelwa ohulumeni nezinkampani zokwakha, ukuqaliswa kwalezi zinto kumaphrojekthi amanje nawesikhathi esizayo kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele. Sisesikhathini esibalulekile lapho ukwamukelwa ngobuningi kwalolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe kungashintsha inkambo yenhlekelele yesimo sezulu.

Ngakho-ke, ukuzibophezela kulezi zitini akusona nje isixazululo esisha mayelana nokusimama, kodwa kungase futhi kunikeze izinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho ngokunciphisa ukuncika ezintweni ezibizayo nezilinganiselwe ezifana nosimende.