Ukumisa imiphumela emibi yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, kumele benze izinqumo ezisheshayo ukuphathwa nokwamukelwa kwezinqubomgomo zezemvelo ezinciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa futhi zibe negalelo ekuthuthukisweni koguquko lwamandla. Ukusheshisa ekwamukelweni kwe amandla avuselelekayo Kuyisihluthulelo sokugwema imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
Ku Iforamu Yezomnotho yaseDavos, abamele izinkampani nezikhungo emkhakheni wamandla bavuma ukuthi imiphumela engase ibangele ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu ayizange icatshangwe ngokugcwele. Lokhu kugqamisa ukuphuthuma kokuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Yini okwaxoxwa ngayo eDavos?
Inhloso yokuqala yomhlangano kwakuyingxoxo ngekusasa lamandla ngokombono obanzi. Nokho, kwacaca ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu manje kuyinselelo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Phakathi nomhlangano, ukubaluleka qinisa uguquko lwamandla, ikakhulukazi emazweni anamazinga aphezulu okukhishwa kwegesi.
Phakathi kwababambe iqhaza bekukhona nezibalo ezibalulekile ezivela emkhakheni wezamandla, njengomongameli we Iberdrola U-Ignacio Sánchez Galán, uNgqongqoshe Wezitimela Zase-India kanye namalahle u-Piyush Goyal, nabamele amazwe afana no-Rachel Kyte ovela ku-United Nations. Wonke umuntu wavuma ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kudale a ingcindezi engenakugwemeka ukukhuthaza amandla avuselelekayo.
Isibonelo, i-Iberdrola ibone inzuzo yayo ikhula ngenxa yesu layo elibheke emandleni avuselelekayo, ukufeza yehlisa ukukhishwa okungcolisayo ngo-75% eminyakeni yamuva.
Izinqubomgomo zamandla kanye nokuxhumana komhlaba wonke
Amandla kaningi asetshenziswa njengesikhali sezepolitiki, esithinta abathengi nezimakethe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuntuleka kwenqubomgomo ecacile yamandla emazweni ahlukahlukene kwenza uguquko lube nzima. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi bayavuma ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bukhona kakade, okushodayo a intando yezombangazwe eqinile eqondisa lezi ntuthuko ebheke ekusasa elisimeme.
Ukuxhumana kwamandla kubalulekile. Amazwe anomkhiqizo owengeziwe manje angathumela amandla avuselelekayo kwamanye. Lokhu kushintshana kungenzeka ngenxa yokudalwa kanye nokwandiswa kwamanethiwekhi wamandla wamazwe ngamazwe, isici esizoqhubeka sikhula eminyakeni ezayo.
Ngalo mqondo, uSánchez Galán wakhumbula lokho Amazwe ayi-195 asayine Isivumelwano saseParis, kodwa bambalwa abanezinqubomgomo ezanele zamandla ukuze bahlangabezane nezinjongo ezimisiwe.
Izixazululo ezihlongozwayo zokusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla
URachel Kyte, omele iNhlangano Yezizwe, ukubeke kwacaca esiphakamisweni sakhe ukuthi yeka ukuxhasa amandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuguquleni izimali ziye kumandla adingeka ngempela, njengomoya, ilanga kanye neminye imithombo evuselelekayo.
Isidingo samandla ahlanzekile siya ngokuya siphezulu. Kungabonakala nokuthi, ngemuva kuka-2030, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okuvela emithonjeni yezinsalela kuzokwehla ngaphansi kwama-20% emhlabeni jikelele. Lokhu kusekelwa isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuqala inguquko ebheke kumamodeli ahlanzekile wamandla.
U-Ignacio Sánchez Galán uphinde wagqamisa ukuthi uguquko akufanele lubhekwe njengokulwa phakathi kwamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi nogesi, njengoba igesi namafutha kusenendima okufanele idlale. kuyahambisana ngenkathi sibheke ekufakeni ugesi okukhulu.
Ikusasa lokutshalwa kwezimali ezintweni ezivuselelekayo
Lolu shintsho ku-paradigm yamandla luletha amathuba amahle, hhayi ezinkampanini zendabuko kuphela, kodwa ngenani elikhulayo labatshalizimali abanentshisekelo kubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile. Isibonelo esicacile wukwesekwa amaphrojekthi omoya namandla elanga akutholayo ezikhungweni zezimali ezizimele nezikahulumeni.
Intshisekelo ixhumene nempumelelo yezomnotho izinkampani eziningi ezikhetha amandla ahlanzekile ezikhombisayo, zombili ngokuya ukusimama kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho. Ukwengeza, Iminikelo Enqunyelwe Kuzwelonke (ama-NDC) emazweni amaningi asevele asungula izinjongo ezicacile zokunciphisa ukungcola kanye noshintsho ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto ezivuselelekayo.
Izinzuzo zezenhlalo nezomnotho zoshintsho lwamandla
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokushintshwa kwamandla ukuthi, ngaphezu kokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kuyadala umsebenzi oluhlaza. Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency, kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2030 lolu shintsho lukhiqize imisebenzi engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30. Lezi zindima ezintsha zizogxilwa emikhakheni efana nokukhiqiza izimoto zikagesi, ukufakwa kwamandla elanga kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwengqalasizinda yamandla asatshalaliswa.
Ukugqugquzelwa kwamandla ahlanzekile akugcini nje ngokuzuzisa imvelo, kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekukhuleni komnotho okubandakanya wonke umuntu. Emazweni akhiqiza uwoyela negesi, la mandla amele ithuba lokuhlukanisa umnotho futhi awenze akwazi ukumelana nokuguquguquka kwentengo noma ukungezwani kwezepolitiki.
Isiphetho
Umhlaba ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezulu esingakaze sibonwe. Ngokusheshisa ukushintshela kumandla ahlanzekile, asikwazi nje ukugwema imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kodwa singaphinda sidale izigidi zemisebenzi futhi sithuthukise izinga lempilo emhlabeni wonke. Ohulumeni nezikhungo kumele bagxile emigomeni evuna ukulahlwa kwamandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, baqondise kabusha ukutshalwa kwezimali emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo kakade eqhudelana futhi enenzuzo esikhathini eside.