Izimbangela Nemiphumela Yokungcoliswa Komsindo Emadolobheni

Namuhla, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu emhlabeni zihlala emadolobheni amakhulu. Amadolobha asephenduke isizinda sokukhishwa komsindo omkhulu nokungcoliswa komsindo. Umthombo oyinhloko womsindo emadolobheni, ngokungangabazeki, ukugcwala komgwaqo. Ukugcwala kwezimoto, isiminyaminya, izimpondo kanye nokuhamba kwezimoto kudala inani elikhulu lomsindo elingathinta kakhulu impilo yabantu.

La I-World Health Organization (WHO) ibeka umkhawulo wemini wama-decibel angu-65 (dB) ukuze ingabi yingozi empilweni. Nokho, izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke zichayeka nsuku zonke emazingeni adlula lo mkhawulo. Lokhu kuphakamisa umbuzo: yiziphi izinyathelo ezingathathwa ukunciphisa lesi simo futhi yiziphi izingozi abantu ababhekana nazo kusukela ekuchayekeni isikhathi eside emazingeni aphezulu omsindo?

Izici zokungcola komsindo

La ukungcola komsindo Ihluka kwezinye izinhlobo zokungcola ngezici ezimbalwa ezithile:

• Iwukungcola okushibhe kakhulu ukukhiqiza futhi kudinga amandla amancane kakhulu ukuze kukhishwe.
• Kuyinkimbinkimbi ukulinganisa nokulinganisa ngokunembile.
• Ayishiyi nsalela futhi ayinawo umthelela oqongelelekayo endaweni ezungezile, kodwa imiphumela yawo kubantu inganqwabelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• I-radius yayo yokusebenza ilinganiselwe kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo, ezithinta izindawo ezithile.
• Ayithuthwa ngemidiya yemvelo efana nomoya noma amanzi.
• Kubonwa kuphela ngomqondo wokuzwa, okuvame ukuholela ekubeni kuthathwe kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nokungcola okubukwayo, isibonelo.

Umsindo emadolobheni

Amadolobha anamuhla amelela inselele ngokuphathelene nomsindo. Ochwepheshe be-Acoustic kanye nokungcoliswa komsindo banesibopho sokukala amazinga omsindo ezindaweni ezihlukene nokudala amamephu e-acoustic. Lawa mamephu akhombisa amazinga okuchayeka emini nasebusuku futhi asiza ukusungula izincomo zokunciphisa ukuchayeka nokuthuthukisa impilo yomphakathi.

Emini, umsindo owamukelekayo uphakeme kunasebusuku. Nokho, i ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni aphezulu omsindo Kungabangela uchungechunge lwezinkinga zempilo ezifana nengcindezi, ukukhathazeka kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ezinganeni ikakhulukazi, lokhu kuvezwa kungaphazamisa ikhono labo lokufunda.

Insomnio

Ezindaweni ezinomsebenzi omkhulu wasebusuku njengamabha namakilabhu, amazinga omsindo ebusuku avame ukuba phezulu, abangele Ubunzima bokulala futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuqwasha. Ukuqwasha kuthinta impilo yengqondo nengokomzimba, okwandisa izingozi zokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka kanye nokuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ukuthi ukulaliswa esibhedlela kulezi zindawo kuvame kakhulu.

Izinkinga zenhliziyo

I-WHO incoma ukuthi kungeqiwe 65 dB ngosuku, kodwa abantu abaningi bahlala bechayeka emsindweni ongaphezu kwaleli zinga, okungabangela izinkinga zesikhathi eside, ngisho nangaphandle kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo. Amazinga aphezulu omsindo andisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni afana ne-adrenaline, engabangela izinguquko kumfutho wegazi, kuthinte ukushaya kwenhliziyo futhi kwandise ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Izinkinga zokuzwa

Ukuchayeka njalo emsindweni omkhulu kungalimaza amaseli ezindlebe, okubuye kuthinte ukuzwa. I ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa Akuthinti nje kuphela ikhono lokulalela, kodwa futhi nokuphila kahle, njengoba kungaholela ekuhlukaniseni umphakathi, ukucindezeleka kanye nobunzima emsebenzini kanye nensimu yezemfundo.

Ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kokuzwa, kutuswa:

• Gwema izindawo ezinomsindo uma kungenzeka.
• Gqoka ukuvikela ukuzwa okufanele.
• Lawula ivolumu yamadivayisi afana nomabonakude nomsakazo.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-headphones abe ivolumu emaphakathi kanye nesikhathi esilawulwayo.

Ukungcoliswa komsindo kudala abantu abaningi abagulayo

Kukhona izifundo ezihlobanisa ukungcoliswa komsindo nokwanda kwezifo. Ngokombiko ovela ku Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), umsindo wethrafikhi ungenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zezifo ezihlobene nokuhlelwa kwedolobha kanye nokuhamba. Lolu cwaningo lulinganisela ukuthi ukufa okungafika ku-3.000 ngonyaka bekungagwenywa e-Barcelona ngokuhlelwa okungcono kwe-acoustic kwedolobha.

Ngaphandle kwesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ukuchayeka komsindo kuhlotshaniswa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, unhlangothi, futhi kwezinye izimo, ngisho nokucindezeleka. Ukuhambisana nemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe ngomsindo nokusebenza komzimba kungavimbela amacala angaphezu kwe-1.700 ezifo zenhliziyo ngonyaka emadolobheni afana ne-Barcelona kuphela.

Amazinga omsindo nawempilo

Umsindo ulinganiswa ngama-decibel (dB) futhi ungahlukaniswa ngokuya ngengozi yawo:

• I-0 dB: Umkhawulo wokuzwa.
• 10-30 dB: Umsindo ophansi, olingana nengxoxo elula.
• 30-50 dB: Ingxoxo evamile.
• I-55 dB: Izinga elimaphakathi lokunethezeka kwe-acoustic.
• I-65 dB: Ubuningi obuvunyelwe phakathi nosuku ngokusho kwe-WHO.
• 75-100 dB: Ukulimala kokuzwa nokuzizwa ungakhululekile.
• I-140 dB: Ubuningi obungasekelwa indlebe yomuntu.

Umsindo wemvelo

Ukwanda komsindo emadolobheni kusenza siqhelelane nemisindo ethule yemvelo. Ukulalela izinyoni zicula noma ukuhwashaza kwamaqabunga endaweni yemvelo kunemiphumela enenzuzo empilweni. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi imisindo yemvelo siza uphumule ingqondo futhi unciphise ukucindezeleka, okungase kuhlobane nokuziphendukela kwemvelo komuntu, njengoba le misindo ihlotshaniswa nendawo ephephile.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukungcoliswa komsindo emadolobheni

Ukuhamba kwemigwaqo kusaqhubeka nokuba umthombo omkhulu wokungcoliswa komsindo emadolobheni. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa inani lethrafikhi noma ukulungisa ingqalasizinda kubalulekile. Kunezixazululo ezifana nezikrini ze-acoustic, ezisiza ukunciphisa ukudlula komsindo ezindaweni zokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwalezi zithiyo ezibonakalayo, ukuhlela amadolobha kufanele kukhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo eziluhlaza nezihlahla, ezingagcini nje ngokumunca umsindo, kodwa futhi zithuthukise izinga lomoya.

Kukhona futhi izinto ezintsha ezifana nesembozo somgwaqo welanga, ezingagcini nje ukunciphisa umsindo, kodwa futhi zikhiqize amandla avuselelekayo. Lawa makhava asevele asebenza kwamanye amazwe afana neBelgium futhi angabhejela kahle ikusasa ezindaweni ezinokuchayeka kakhulu kuthrafikhi nokukhanya kwelanga.

Akungabazeki ukuthi umsindo uyinkinga engathi sína kunaleyo evame ukucatshangwa. Nakuba singaboni, imiphumela yezempilo ibalulekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi sonke senze ingxenye yethu ukunciphisa umsindo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni futhi ngaleyo ndlela sibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni izinga lethu lempilo.