Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2 edlule, ngo-Okthoba 15, 2015, yavulwa ukuvinjelwa kwamandla avuselelekayo e-Argentina.
Lolu suku lwaqokonyiswa ukushicilelwa komthetho 27.191 kuGazethi Esemthethweni, okuyinkambiso okwakuyiqiniso. ukukhanya okwakhanyisa i-fuse yokukhula okumangalisayo kwezinto ezivuselelekayo ezweni eliseningizimu. Lo mthetho wethule uchungechunge lwezisusa eziyinhloko nemithethonqubo esebenze kakhulu ekuheheni abatshalizimali kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi kagesi avuselelekayo kuyo yonke indawo.
Ngenxa yalo mthetho, i-Argentina ihehe ukutshalwa kwezimali okungaphezu kwalokho Ama-dollar ayi-7000, okuvumela ukudalwa kwezinkampani ezintsha ezizinikezele ekusetshenzisweni nasekuphathweni kwezitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic, amapulazi omoya, i-biomass, i-biogas kanye nezitshalo zamandla kagesi amancane.
Uhlelo lwe-RenovAr: Injini Yoshintsho
El Uhlelo lwe-RenovAr, ekhuthazwa uhulumeni, ibe ukhiye. Inhloso yawo ukukhulisa ukubamba iqhaza kwamandla avuselelekayo ku-matrix yamandla wezwe, okwamanje ehlanganisa kuphela ama-2%. Kodwa-ke, i-Argentina izibekele umgomo wokuzibekela U-20% we-matrix yayo yamandla enamandla avuselelekayo ngo-2025.
Kuze kube manje, imizuliswano emithathu yamathenda oHlelo lwe-RenovAr seyenziwe: Umzuliswano woku-1 ngo-Agasti 2016, Umjikelezo 1.5 ngoNovemba 2016 kanye noMzuliswano wesi-2 ngoMfumfu wezi-2017, esewonke akhiphe u-4466,5 MW kumaphrojekthi asabalaliswe ezinkontilekeni eziyi-147. Ukwengeza, kukhona amaphrojekthi angaphansi kwesinqumo 202 azofaka isandla enjongweni.
Umoya namandla elanga kube yibo abawine kakhulu kulawa mathenda, okungaholelanga nje ekufakweni komthamo, kodwa nasekuheheni amathenda. utshalomali lwamazwe ngamazwe. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Argentina inemithombo yemvelo emikhulu, isasilele emuva uma iqhathaniswa nomakhelwane bayo abanjengoBrazil noma iChile, abahola emandleni avuselelekayo afakiwe.
I-International Investment Boom
Umthetho 27.191 awuzange ukhuthaze nje ukwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi wendawo, kodwa futhi wakhanga okubalulekile utshalomali lwamazwe ngamazwe. Izinkampani zomhlaba zibone i-Argentina njengemakethe ekhangayo ngenxa yemithombo yemvelo enkulukazi yezwe: amandla amakhulu omoya ePatagonia kanye nemithombo yelanga engakahlolwa enyakatho yezwe.
Uma kuqhathaniswa, izwe lisenendlela ende okufanele liyihambe: kuyilapho i-Argentina njengamanje ine-678 MW efakwe kumandla avuselelekayo, omakhelwane bayo i-Uruguay ne-Chile bane-1720 MW kanye ne-3740 MW ngokulandelanayo. Nokho, izwe lihlela ukufinyelela 10.000 MW ngo-2025, obekuzosheshisa ukushintshwa kwamandla.
Amanani okuncintisana kanye Ukuzuza
Okunye okukhanga kakhulu emakethe yase-Argentina evuselelekayo yile amanani wokuncintisana. Kumathenda oHlelo lwe-RenovAr, amanani afinyelela ku-45 USD/MWh afinyelelwe, inani eliphansi kakhulu kuno-70-80 USD/MWh abasebenzisi bezimboni abakhokhela amandla angavuseleleki. Lokhu kumelela ukonga okukhulu okungaba nomthelela omuhle kumazinga kubathengi bokugcina.
Amandla Omoya: Insika Yekusasa Lamandla
Amandla omoya ahlanganiswa njengenjini yoshintsho ku-matrix yamandla. Kuze kube manje, izinkontileka zomoya sezinikezwe inani eliphelele I-2,5 GW ezweni lonke, ikubeka njengobuchwepheshe obunesisindo esikhulu kakhulu emkhakheni ovuselelekayo wase-Argentina.
Amandla omoya afakazele ukusebenza kwawo ngokuvala u-73% wesamba somkhiqizo ovuselelekayo e-Argentina, efakwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisezifundazweni zaseBuenos Aires, eChubut, eLa Pampa naseSanta Cruz.
Amandla Elanga: Amandla Angasetshenzisiwe
Nakuba amandla elanga amelela kuphela I-15% yokukhiqiza wamandla avuselelekayo e-Argentina, amandla awo makhulu kakhulu. Izinkampani eziningana, njenge 360 Amandla, batshala imali kumaphrojekthi elanga ezifundazweni ezifana neSan Juan, Catamarca kanye neLa Rioja, ngenhloso yokwandisa kakhulu umthamo wabo ofakiwe.
Eminyakeni yakamuva, kuye kwaklonyeliswa amandla angu-816,25 MW kumaphrojekthi kagesi welanga, kanti nokutshalwa kwezimali okusha kuyaqhubeka ngenhloso yokuqhubeka nokunwetshwa kwalo mthombo wamandla.
I-Biogas kanye ne-Biomass: I-Green Alternative
Nakuba umoya nelanga kuyizona ezigqame kakhulu, imithombo ye-biogas ne-biomass nayo iyakhula e-Argentina. Kuze kube manje, izinkontileka sezikhishiwe 65 MW kwi-biogas kanye ne-158 MW ku-biomass. Izinkampani ezifana ImbewuAmandla Sebevele bamemezele ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlanganisa izigidi zamaRandi kumaphrojekthi ambalwa, njengezitshalo zaseVenado Tuerto nasePergamino, ngethemba lokuthi bazokwandisa umthamo ofakiwe eminyakeni ezayo.
I-Biomass, ikakhulukazi, ibonise inqubekelaphambili ephawulekayo ngamaphrojekthi amaningi ezifundazweni ezifana ne-Buenos Aires, i-Córdoba ne-Misiones.
Njengamanje, i-Argentina izibeka njengomholi osafufusa ekukhiqizeni lawa mandla ahlukile, anganciphisi nje kuphela ukuncika kumalahle negesi, kodwa futhi akhiqize izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezomnotho futhi anciphise umthelela wemvelo.
Njengoba izwe liqhubeka nokuya ekuhlukaniseni amandla alo ahlukahlukene futhi lisebenzela ukuhlangabezana nezinjongo ezibekelwe u-2025, ikusasa lamandla avuselelekayo e-Argentina libukeka lithembisa ngokwandayo.